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Rise of Fascism in Italy and Germany after World War I
Animated map depicts the spread of Fascism in Japan, Germany and its neighboring countries, and Italy. Views of Italian Fascist "Black Shirts" marching bearing flags and rendering the fascist Roman Salute. Fascists participating in the famous "March on Rome" (“Marcia su Roma”) in October 27, 1922. Spectators line the sidewalks and side of the road. Brief (jerky) views of unrest and desperate crowds of citizens in post-war Italy circa 1919 and 1920 following World War I, due to unemployment and hard times. Italian people getting food at an outdoor soup kitchen. Fascists promising better times are seen parading and riding in jammed open cars. Benito Mussolini, who was elected to Parliament in 1921, is seen in a top hat, arms akimbo, standing with other officials. Glimpse of Black Shirts marching in front of the Palazzo Venezia (Via del Plebiscito, 118, 00186 Roma RM, Italy). Back to Mussolini, again, who now makes some remarks to those standing with him and expresses himself with exaggerated body language. Another glimpse of Black Shirts marching. Film transitions to Germany, where Adolf Hitler is seen walking through a dense crowd of supporters and some brownshirts or SA stormtroopers. Hitler's clothes resemble a military uniform. Next, scenes illustrating the terrible post-World War 1 hyperinflation suffered by Germany during the Weimar Republic. Various Deutschmark (Deutsche Mark) banknotes in ridiculous denominations are shown. Baker puts a 460 billion Deutschmark price on bread. People trying to buy groceries during this period. German militaristic marchers. Fascists giving arm salutes as they parade in a city street. General Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg (President of Germany) is seen standing in front of Germany's top military leaders. Directly behind him is Marshal August von Mackensen, in a fur busby hat with Totenkopf (death head) insignia. Other Generals wear pickelhaube spiked helmets. Hindenburg's closest associate, General Erich Ludendorff stands just behind and to the left of Hindenburg. Glimpse of German soldiers in more modern uniforms. Next, Hindenburg is seen reviewing troops in the company of their commander. Next, Hitler is seen with a group of German civilian industrialists whose interests he promises to support. Alfred Krupp Jr. sits, with his legs crossed, next to Hitler. Glimpse of Hitler, in uniform, waving from a window. People running as a cadre of mounted police canter in formation down the street.
Major changes in lifestyle of the people in United States in the 1920s leading to economic prosperity.
Brief view of Mussolini in Italy wearing a top hat. Clip proceeds on theme of lifestyle of people in United States in the 1920s, also referred to as the "Roaring 20s". Pedestrians and various people on busy streets of New York City as cars and truck move past them. A woman gets her make up done in a makeup studio. A woman in flapper fashions smokes a cigarette. View of a line of women's legs all wearing silk stockings and shorter skirts than in prior times. Women in swimming suits at a beauty pageant. Federal agents smash liquor bottles and break up wooden barrels draining liquor to enforce prohibition. Gangsters killed in an encounter in the street. Gangsters, possibly mafia, being arrested and led away by police at gun point. Men and women perform Charleston dance. A bartender is seen mixing a drink. Men and women enjoy ballroom dancing at a night club. Closeup of a street sign for Wall Street. Brief view of crowds outside New York Stock Exchange building around time of stock market crash of 1929.
Early efforts at controlling traffic in American cities crowded with automobiles, trucks, streetcars, and pedestrians
Automobiles, pedestrians, and street cars, attempt to negotiate the completely uncontrolled intersection of South Broadway and 7th Street in Los Angeles, California, in the early to mid 1920s. Bank of Italy (later the Bank of America) occupies the northeast corner of the S Broadway and 7th Street intersection. Scene shifts to New York City where a mounted police officer controls traffic at a busy intersection. He stops traffic in one direction, allowing crowds of pedestrians to cross and cars and street cars to proceed in other direction. In a quieter city, cars are parked in center of roadway and along curbs. pedestrians move on sidewalks and traffic moves easily. In a major city, Police officer stands in center of street and stops traffic for very large group of school children waiting to cross. They all run across when he gives them the OK. At another location, a policeman is posted at an intersection with a signal device to indicate "Stop" and "go." Scene shifts to an intersection in city of Detroit, with "Stop" and "Go" signal at corner. A woman crossing the street is almost hit by a car, but pulled out of its way, by a Detroit City Policemen posted in the center of the street. In another town, a policeman is seen in an elevated post at center of a street, with "Stop" and "go" signals under his control. Sign at front of the post reads: "Drive Safely Walk Right." Truck (with cyclist hitching a ride on the tailgate) proceeds with other vehicles on the "go" signal.
U.S. President Warren Harding dies. Calvin Coolidge becomes President. Good times in America and Hyperinflation in Germany
America and Europe during post World War 1 period of 1920s Sketches: American workers in factories. The U.S. President Warren Gamaliel Harding converses with a friend. President with other officials signs a paper. President Harding dies and the Nation mourns. Pallbearers carry coffin of the President. Sketches depict the various scandals under the Harding administration, including the Tea Pot Dome scandal. Vice President John Calvin Coolidge becomes President. Several sketches of the President . Sketches of rich people in America. People in a car. Automobiles driven out of a Ford factory. Sketch of the workers building a road. Various labor saving electrical devices. Sketches depict a housewife relaxing and people becoming better off economically. Ordinary people gamble on the stock market. Various pictures of American farmers suffering, as demand for food falls in the wake of World War 1. Economic and financial crises affect Germany. Hyperinflation and riots occur in Germany. The unrest gives rise to future leaders like Adolf Hitler in Germany and Benito Mussolini, in Italy.
Victor Emmanuel III in a car driven past the crowd gathered and waves to the people from the balcony of a building in Italy.
King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy arrives in Italy. People holding flags wait for the arrival of the King. Victor Emmanuel III in a car driven past a crowd standing on street sides. The King with other officials in the balcony of a building waves. The crowd gathered to welcome him.
1920 San Francisco CA Democratic Party National Convention, James M. Cox and Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) campaigning as Democratic Party President and Vice President
Franklin Delano Roosevelt walking with James M. Cox, the Democratic Presidential candidate for the 1920 election. Supporters shake hands with the Roosevelt and Cox. 1920 Democratic Party National Convention in San Francisco. Signs say “Philippines”, “Michigan”, “District of Columbia”, “Ohio”, “Missouri”, and other US states and territories in the 1920 Democratic Party National Convention in San Francisco, California. Female Democrat supporter enthusiastically raise her arms. The woman political activist cheering at the Democratic Party National Convention in San Francisco, California. Signs with the name of US states and territories at the democrat National Convention. Franklin D. Roosevelt give speeches and smiles as he campaigns as the democratic Vice President candidate for the 1920 United States election. Democrat supporters’ parade in San Francisco showing their support for James M. Cox. A scene from a Marion, Ohio parade supporting James M. Cox and Franklin Delano Roosevelt campaigning for 1920 election. Brass band playing. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James M. Cox wave at supporters. Women, wearing hats and white dresses, and white sashes with word "Marion" on them marching in support for the democratic Party. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James M. Cox smile and wave at supporters. Eleanor Roosevelt and her children with pet dog, a German Shepherd, at Hyde Park. Eleanor Roosevelt smiles. Crowded Democratic Party campaign before 1920 Presidential election. Franklin D. Roosevelt speaks to crowd, campaigning for the Democrat Party. Democratic supporters cheer. Franklin Delano Roosevelt in car. Franklin D. Roosevelt takes his hat off as greeting, a man with roses in car with Roosevelt. Roosevelt greets his mother and goes inside their house, the Springwood estate at Hyde Park (4097 Albany Post Rd, Hyde Park, NY 12538, United States). Roosevelt speaks to the people of his hometown, Hyde Park New York. Franklin D. Roosevelt shakes hands with Hyde Park, New York residents. Franklin D. Roosevelt with wife, Eleanor Roosevelt. Franklin D. Roosevelt with his children.
