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Soviet Union 1938 stock footage and images

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Ukrainian citizens mourn while viewing unearthed corpses lying on a field in Vinnytsia, Ukraine, victims of Katyn Massacre.

Corpses in Vinnytsia, Ukraine exhumed during World War II by German occupying forces. Dead bodies of the Vinnytsia Massacre lying in a field, then thought to be victims of Joseph Stalin's Great Purge in 1937 and 1938, but later determined to be primarily Polish victims of the so-called Katyn Massacre, killed by the Soviet Union. Ukrainian citizens gather near the dead bodies. A table displaying some personal items and photos belonging to affected families. Citizens consult lists of identified victims. Citizens of Vinnytsia (sometimes spelled Vinnitsa) gather at a reburial service for the dead. Scenes from the burial religious service. Mourners weep and watch as victims are reburied in a mass grave. Crying women hold handkerchiefs to the faces.

Date: 1943
Duration: 1 min 13 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: German
Clip: 65675062699
German Operation Barbarossa on the Eastern front in World War II.

View of the city, Pskov, on the Veilakaya river. A steel bridge is seen and city across it with smoke rising. German troops march in loose formation over a bridge in Novogorod. Views of German camouflaged tank (with shrubbery) and other armor and troops entering Soviet cities of Brest-litovsk, Minsk, Mogilev, and Vitebsk. View of German Panzer III tank heading toward the camera as it enters a narrow street in Smolensk. Animated map shows progress of these German advances and highlights German forces under German Field Marshal Gerd Von Runstedt cutting deep into the Ukraine. Headline on Chicago Daily News reads: "Nazis Claim Knock-out Victory" with subtitle line reading,"Moscow line cracks." Other newspapers reflect conviction that Soviet forces face imminent defeat by Germany. Slate shows communique issued by the German High Command, stating: "The issue in the East has already been settled. Smolensk is the last halt on the road to Moscow." More views of marching German troops. A battery of Soviet artillery firing from a snow-covered field. Animated map shows German forces moving close to Moscow. Foreign diplomats are moved from Moscow to the city of Kuibyshev. Hitler speaking on October 3, 1941, saying "This enemy is broken and will never rise again." Animated map depicts 500 thousand square miles of Soviet territory occupied by December, 1941, and compares it to the entire west central United States encompassing the states of : South Dakota, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. Fires raging in agricultural area of the Soviet Union. Destroyed Soviet industrial plants, and huge numbers of Soviet citizens under German occupation. Views of destroyed Soviet armor, aircraft and artillery pieces. As season changes, German forces are seen in rain gear moving slowly through cold rainy weather. Some walk beside horses and other ride on horse-drawn caissons along with artillery pieces. Segments of film show contrast between the German military strategies. The German forces would plunge deep into enemy territory and create an area of conquest. This is illustrated by a slate bearing Adolf Hitler's statement that, "A single blow must destroy the enemy, without regard for losses, a gigantic destroying blow." An animated map illustrates the success of this approach by the Germans in Poland, France, and the Balkans. German Generals seen planning the same "Blitz" strategy against the Soviets. Film shifts to the Soviet strategy, showing their idea of building stronger defense, as they fall back, taking advantage of the great size of their territory. Views of Soviet troops on the move. View of Shells knocking out a German tanks. Panzer III tanks advancing. Panzer VI tanks completely covered by German troops catching rides. Soviet field artillery and machine guns firing in cities, forcing German soldiers to leave their vehicles. Soviet cities bombed out and burning, with debris and obstacles limiting the ability of armor to navigate in them. Montage of battle scenes cities of Rostov, Kharkov, Kiev, Kursk, Smolensk, all thwarting the Nazi blitz into the Soviet Union. Battles being waged in cities. (World War II; WW II; World War 2; World War Two)

Date: 1941
Duration: 7 min 29 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675041523
Soviet men fighting as soldiers and guerrilla fighters against German invaders during WW2

A Soviet soldier recounts his wartime experience in a letter to his wife during World War 2, known in the Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War. Armored train cars leave a factory in the Soviet Union. Hands holding a letter written in Russian. Hands holding a letter written in English. Soviet soldiers on the ground fire at German bombers with anti-aircraft artillery at night. Soviet infantry and tanks move across a battlefield. Explosion from bombs dropped from bombers. Tank reserve moving behind Soviet infantry. Soviet artillery fires from under a camouflage net. Explosion from artillery fire in battlefield. A rapidly deploying smoke screen. Soviet infantry cling to pontoon bridge while under heavy fire. Soviet cavalry ford river with artillery cannon in foreground. A burning village after being set on fire by retreating German soldiers. A Soviet soldier inspects ruins of a village razed due to German “Scorched Earth policy”. An elderly Russian woman crying in despair. Soviet soldiers take rifles from dead bodies. Soviet defenders killed by German forces. A Russian man rings church bells in victory as village is liberated. Soviet tanks fire while advancing. An advancing tank runs over trees in the forest while infantry trails behind. A tank advancing through a razed village, with infantry trailing behind. A clock is seen still running on ruined wall on fire.

Date: 1943
Duration: 1 min 54 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675079159
Operation Barbarossa invasion of the Soviet Union, in World War II. German Armored Group advances

German invasion of the Soviet Union. Animated map shows German advances toward Minsk and Baranowitschi (Baranavichy), after taking Grodno, Belarus, during the Operation Barbarossa invasion of the Soviet Union, in World War 2. An armored column of the German Panzer II and III tanks of the Panzer Group Kleist (Panzergruppe Kleist) move along a dirt road. (They display the letter "K" on their fenders.) Seen are Panzerkampfwagen II (Sd.Kfz. 121) and Panzerkampfwagen (Sd/Lfz/141/1 Pz.Kpfw III Ausf.L). Closeups of the tanks moving in clouds of dust. Infantrymen wave at the tanks as they pass. The tanks deployed in an open field. Burning wooden structures. Tanks speeding ahead. One drives across a field at high speed, raising a trail of dust. Houses in a village burning. A tank moving down over a berm. Tanks in a field with smoke rising in the background. Officers standing next to a camouflaged vehicle, observing the scene with binoculars. German infantry advancing in ditches alongside a dirt road. Dense smoke rising in the field. A knocked out Soviet tank burning. Two Soviet BT tanks burning in the field. Closeups of burning Soviet BT tanks. Body of a Soviet soldier in the grass. A surrendering Soviet soldier runs toward the German lines.Closeup as German crew opens hatches and climbs out of their Panzer III tank to take advantage of temporary lull in their advance while thousands of Soviet troops are surrendering. View of Soviet soldiers walking with hands behind their necks. More Panzer III tank crew members taking a break as the Soviet troop surrender. Closeup of German officer interrogating an Asian Soviet soldier, as German soldiers watch. Two captured Soviet soldiers with their gear in a field. .

Date: 1941
Duration: 2 min 3 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: German
Clip: 65675065786
German forces attack Brest Fortress in USSR, during World War II

Map shows border of East Prussia and the Soviet Union. Arrow points to Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus) one of the first targets in Nazi operation Barbarossa, during World War 2. . German 15cm K39 (15cmKanone39) heavy artillery bombarding the Soviet fortress at Brest. Closeup of gun breech. German troops hunkered down in craters and trenches near buildings. More views of German heavy artillery firing from camouflaged positions. Smoke rising from the German bombardment. German infantry moving forward and approaching Brest Fortress. German soldiers in shell craters, observing as the shelling destroys buildings nearby. View of destroyed and burning structures. Soviet defenders of the garrison standing with hands raised, surrendering under white flags. A surrendered Soviet soldier stands on a hill waving his hat to others telling them it is safe to surrender. Other Soviet soldiers coming foreward from their defensive positions to surrender. Soviet POWs huddled together near a Soviet T-18 light tank (aka MS-1) inside part of the Brest Fortress. German officers surveying the situation. Damaged bridge over the Bug River. Surrendering Soviet troops use a rope to help cross river at bombed out section. Wounded Soviet soldiers with first aid bandages, lying on bank of river. Other Soviet POWs under German guard nearby. A soviet prisoner plays a harmonica. More views of destroyed and burning structures. German infantry running across a road, under fire from Soviet defenders. German troops entering the main part of the Brest Citadel, and fighting against stubborn Soviet snipers. Camera pans across destruction in and around the fortress. A dead Soviet soldier slumped in the seat of a vehicle. Others on the ground near a Soviet Army truck. A long line of Soviet soldiers taken prisoners of war, walking under German guard. The City Hall of Brest With German soldier standing guard. Belarussian citizens of the city going about their everyday activities, under German occupation.

Date: 1941, June
Duration: 3 min 26 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: German
Clip: 65675065787
Stalinism after Lenin's death and several people are purged after Moscow Trials and the Great Purge in Russia.

The Great Purge in Russia. On March 14, 1923 : A newspaper headline reads 'Lenin Suffers a stroke, Condition is Serious; Announcement Causes a Sensation in Moscow'. On January 21, 1924 : Another newspaper headline reads 'Lenin is Dead'. Bolshevik leader Lenin laid in a coffin. Senior Soviet officials carrying the body of Lenin in a funeral procession through the snow. People watch the funeral procession. Joseph Stalin with an officer. Stalin comes into power after Bolshevik revolutionary Leon Trotsky is forced into an exile. Views of workers pursuing 5-year plan goals: At a railroad train siding building rail infrastructure, with shovels; in logging operations in the snow; in a steel plant. View of coal being transported on conveyer. View of mining operations, with steam shovels filling rail cars. Views of chemical and petroleum facilities. View of hydroelectric power plant turbines and electrical distribution towers and wires. Workers in agriculture, with a truck in a field. Construction workers at large building site. Young machinist working on a lathe in a factory or manufacturing plant. Tailors working in a shop with pictures of Lenin and Stalin on the wall. Steam locomotive pushing train cars including boxcars up a mountain side in Siberia. Soviet "executioner" Nikolai Yezhov and other officers inside a building and footage from the Moscow Trials or sometimes called Moscow Show Trials from 1936 - 1938. Stalin with Bolshevik revolutionaries Lev Kamenev and Grigory Zinoviev who were disposed off during the Great Purge. Scenes of Moscow Trial proceedings, with participants wearing earphones. Picture of Nikolai Yezhov.

Date: 1923
Duration: 2 min 45 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675066491