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Europe 1938 stock footage and images
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Events surrounding the 1938 German annexation of Austria
Goosestepping German troops parade. A group of German Panzer I Ausf. A tanks armed with twin 7.92 mm machine guns, are seen crossing a field. A squadron of German airplanes flies overhead in formation. Spectators watch as Austrian Army troops assemble and drill in Vienna, Austria Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg speaking before the Austrian Federal Diet on 24 February , 1938. He rejects Hitler's plans for Austria, saying: "…Austria will go thus far and no further." Closeups of some Austrian citizens. German troops entering Austria, during the "Anschluss" on 12 March 1938. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain at Heston Aerodrome in London, England, departing on 29 September, 1938, to meet with Adolf Hitler in Munich, Germany. His aircraft taking off. View of anti-aircraft gun set up in London, with Big Ben and Parliament building in background. Workmen with shovels breaking ground for defenses in London. A woman wearing a gas mask, carries a baby in England. Prime Minister Chamberlain speaking at Heston airport upon his return from Munich, on 16 September. 1938. Views of broken shop windows in Berlin, Germany, following the "Kristallnacht" violent anti-Jewish actions by Nazi Brown shirts on November 9 and 10, 1938. Jewish refugee men, women, and children gather around a fire and outdoor kitchen in an encampment on a field. They warm themselves by the fire. Two women pump water from a well in the field. Closeups of some of the people, including a small child. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt at a table with members of his cabinet,
Scenes aboard ocean liner SS Manhattan: Ambassador William Dodd interviewed in 1938 and passengers fleeing war in Europe in 1939.
A large number of passengers aboard the ocean liner SS Manhattan (later USS Wakefield) in the United States. Scene from January 10,1938 as the USS Manhattan returns from her Europe trip. A large number of passengers aboard the ship. U.S. Ambassador to Nazi Germany, William E. Dodd, is interviewed by media persons about his Europe trip. He declares that living in Europe at the time is discouraging and there is crisis in Europe as German Nazism and Fascism are gaining ground everywhere. In next shot, from 1939, the ship is underway and arriving at New York Harbor on September 30, 1939, carrying 1837 persons, its largest passenger count ever. The passengers include many Americans from overseas fleeing war-torn Europe early in World War 2. A sign on the ship: 'Manhattan United States Lines'. The passengers in mass numbers at a harbor. The Statue of Liberty in the background.
Some rocket motor designs of 1930s and speculation about future of rocketry
Liquid Rocket motor design drawings of various pioneers in the field, from the American Rocket Society, including: Constantin Paul van Lent (aka Constantin Tselentis,aka Constantin Lent, aka Dr. Constantin Paul van Lent) 1936; Alfred Africano, 1937; Reed,1937; Wild,1938; H.F. Pierce and Nathan Carver, 1938. Slates refer to the post World War I period through about 1938, as the beginnings of rocket flight, and the immediate subsequent period as the second phase of achievement that could lead to high altitude and long range rocket missiles and even manned spaceships. Slate suggests that future of rocketry is limited only by our imagination. Next are imaginary, science fiction scenes like a science fiction movie, showing a major city, in Germany, as a rocket ship travels away from it, and eventually showing Europe, and the earth from outer space, as the rocket travels into the blackness, beyond. Slate comments about eternal longings related to human flight.
Expansionist policies of Japan, Italy and Germany converge, leading to World War 2
Film begins with peaceful scenes of Japan, including Mount Fuji; women in traditional Kimonos strolling among cherry blossoms; exquisite gardens; Geisha girls in traditional dress holding fans; and picturesque peasant farmers binding sheaves of grain. Evidence of Japan adopting Western styles and ways, shown by modern buildings, motor vehicles, and many Japanese in Western clothes going about their daily business on busy city streets. A Japanese stadium filled with spectators at a baseball game. One difference from an American baseball game is that the players are seen marching onto the field accompanied by a military band and later all sharing in raising the Japanese flag to start the event. View of line of players in jerseys as flag is raised (jersey team name Tomasyo?) Views of the baseball game underway. Baseball player with "Y" logo on front steps up to plate to bat. Scene changes to demonstrations of Japanese Navy as senior Naval Officers review Japanese sailors aboard a warship. A formation of Japanese warships underway. Closeup of a Japanese destroyer. A flotilla of Japanese warships being overflown by several formations of Naval aircraft. A flight of Kawanishi H6K Naval flying boats flying in loose formation. A parade of Japanese light and medium tanks including Type 95 Ha-Go tanks (some with offset turrets). View from rear of the parade. Many tanks crossing a field. Emperor Hirohito, riding a white horse, reviewing Type 97 Chi-Ha medium tanks and their crews standing at attention. Tanks raising dust as they move in formations on a road and in a field. Japanese infantry soldiers high step march in review past the Emperor on his white horse. Massed Japanese infantry on parade. View, again, of the high-stepping Japanese infantry marching past the Emperor as a segue to Italian infantry goosestepping on parade. Several views of such parades. Mussolini giving an impassioned speech to Italians from balcony on the Palazzo Venezia in Rome on November 4, 1938. A huge flat field filled with Italian SPAD XIII army biplanes parked in symmetric rows. Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia speaking from a shelter, rallies his tribesmen to resist invasion by Italian forces. They are seen in tribal dress, armed with spears and ancient rifles, as they answer the Emperor's call. View of Italian L3 light tanks advancing across desert terrain. Italian cavalry charging. Italian infantry moving forward. Italian Caproni Ca.111bis light bomber in flight. Bombs dropping through the air. Barrages by batteries of Italian artillery. Shells striking a hilltop fortress. An open air stadium with one section containing many Japanese attendees waving Japanese flags. A Japanese statesman reading a speech in Japanese. View of the stadium filled with Italians. "Saluti" written on the edge of the section occupied by Japanese attendees. An Italian spokesman in black uniform welcomes the Japanese contingent. A Japanese translator stands beside him. Closeup of cheering Japanese who have heard the greeting translated. Scene shifts to Japanese infantry hi-stepping past Emperor Hirohito and immediately to Italian troops goosestepping and then to German troops goosestepping as they (according to narrator) march into Austria on March 13th 1938. View of German troops marching into Austrian town to cheers from civilians on sidewalks waving Nazi swastika flags and rendering Nazi salutes. Numerous utility vehicles carry German soldiers through the town. More German soldiers arriving in tanks and on motorcycles. Some arrive on horse-drawn caissons towing field artillery pieces.
Actions of Axis and Allied powers on brink of World War II in period 1937-1939.
Japanese troops parade for Emperor Hirohito, mounted upon a white horse. Italian troops goosestep and German troops goosestep on parade. View of an Austrian town with snow-covered Alps mountains in background as German troops enter Austria on March 13, 1938 during the Anschluss. Local citizens welcome them, displaying swastika flags and giving Nazi straight arm salutes. Troops, military vehicles, tanks, motorcycles, and horse-drawn artillery comprise the German invading force. Shifts to Spain, where war torn buildings reflect effects of German and Italian intervention during the Spanish Civil War. A donkey standing near field artillery piece. Artillery being fired from an urban park in Spain. Artilleryman using a range finder. German gun crew with heavy artillery piece. Soldiers wearing Adrian steel helmets, firing a two-wheeled water-cooled machine gun. Spanish carrying wounded on stretcher. Spanish civilians inadvertently slain during civil war conflict. Starving dog walking in street. Huge poster of Francisco Franco and view of him on reviewing stand saluting marching Nationalist troops. Repeat of Hirohito reviewing troops and Italian and German troops goosestep. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini stand together in open car heading to Fuhrerbau in Munich, Germany, for signing of Agreement between Germany, Italy, Britain, and France in 1938. Neville Chamberlain, and Edouard Daladier riding in car to Fuhrerbau. Views of the principals signing the accords. First is Adolf Hitler, followed by Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, Benito Mussolini, and Edouard Daladier. After the signing, the principals, plus Hermann Goering, mingle and converse. Change of scene to nighttime in Rome, Italy, where Benito Mussolini addresses a huge throng gathered near the Victor Emmanuel Memorial to cheer him after his return from Munich. Next, German troops are seen entering Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) greeted by joyous ethnic German inhabitants. Banners are stretched across a street. One gives thanks to the Fuhrer. Several scenes of cheering population. A woman strews flowers in a roadway. Hitler arrives, standing in an open car, and is met with cheers of adulation. A military brass band plays from the open beds of two moving army trucks. Signpost points to Prag (Prague), Eger (Cheb), Joachimstal (Jáchymov), and Komotau (Chomutov) after German annexation. Scene shifts to Prague, where German troops are seen occupying the city. High ranking German officers in a car are seen coming through the gateway from the Court d´honneur of the Prague Castle into the Hradčany Square. The next sequence shows an Italian Freccia-Class destroyer in the Albanian Port of Durrës. An Italian L3/35 Tankette is driven off a large cargo ship. Italian troops on bicycles ride in a city street. A German 88mm antiaircraft (flak) gun is shown, mounted at a fort overlooking a river and city. Final scene shows Adolf Hitler addressing a meeting of the Bundestag in the Kroll Opera House (alternate meeting place after burning of the Reichstag). He reads, contemptuously from an April 14, 1939 letter sent to him by U.S. President Roosevelt, asking him to give "assurance that your armed forces will not attack or invade the territory or possessions of the following independent nations: Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, The Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain and Ireland, France, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Poland, Hungary, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Russia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Iraq, the Arabias, Syria, Palestine, Egypt and Iran." As Hitler reads through the litany of nations, the Bundestag erupts in laughter.
Documentary tilted 'History of Aviation' depicts benefits to mankind brought by development of means of travel, United States.
Documentary tilted 'History of Aviation' depicts benefits to mankind brought by discovery of aviation. A group of travelers on horses and bullock carts, in hot and dusty deserts travels from California to New York. A railroad train runs on railroad between California and New York. An airplane flies in sky above skyscraper tall buildings of New York City, over Manhattan Island. Animated map shows ship sail towards Europe. A cruise ship liner underway in the ocean towards Europe. Howard Hughes airplane takes off in New York, bound for Paris, France. It is Lockheed 14 Super Electra Special, Model 14-N2 ( NX18973) seen in aerial views over Manhattan Island New York City. Skyscrapers of New York City visible. (Filmed on July 14, 1938).
