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Formosa Taiwan 1960 stock footage and images

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During an election debate in the US, Kennedy and Richard Nixon talk about a hypothetical invasion by the Chinese Communists.

The third Kennedy-Nixon Presidential Debate in the United States. Charles Van Fremd from CBS News asks Republican candidate U.S. Vice President Richard M. Nixon that if he were the president would he launch a war if the Chinese Communists began an invasion of Quemoy (Kinmen) and Matsu Islands and if he would authorize the use of nuclear weapons if regular conventional forces failed to halt the invasion. Nixon answers and states that it is irresponsible for a presidential candidate to indicate the course of action and the weapons he would use in the event of such an attack. He states that he would not say in advance how the U.S. would respond. He states that the Chinese Communists do not want just Quemoy and Matsu or Formosa (Republic of China or Taiwan), but the world. He concludes that defense of the free world territories and not surrender will lead to the path of peace. Democratic candidate Senator John F. Kennedy talks about a treaty to defend Formosa (Taiwan) and the Pescadores Island. He states that the U.S. would meet its commitment to Formosa. He disagrees with Nixon's suggestion that the United States should go to war if Quemoy (Kinmen) and Matsu islands are attacked as the treaty does not include these two islands. He concludes and says that the U.S. would defend if Formosa (Taiwan) or the Pescadores Island is under attack.

Date: 1960, October 13
Duration: 4 min 54 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675073655
Kennedy and Nixon talk on drawing the defense line in the Far East during a presidential election debate in Washington DC.

The second Kennedy-Nixon Presidential Debate in Washington DC, United States. Edward P. Morgan of ABC asks Democratic candidate Senator John F. Kennedy to comment on whether Quemoy (Kinmen) and Matsu Islands were unwise places to draw U.S. defense line in the Far East. Kennedy states that he believes strongly in the defense of Formosa (Republic of China or Taiwan) and says that the U.S. will defend Quemoy (Kinmen) and Matsu if it is a part of a general attack on Formosa (Taiwan). He says that the U.S. should consult with the Nationalists. He states that the Americans should protect their commitments. Republican candidate U.S. Vice President Richard M Nixon states that he disagrees completely with Senator Kennedy on this point and states the example of the Korean War. Regarding Quemoy (Kinmen) and Matsu he says that these two islands are in the area of freedom and under the control of the Nationalists. He states that the U.S. should not force the Nationalist allies to get off of them and give them to the Communists because the Communists aren't after Quemoy (Kinmen) and Matsu, but after Formosa (Taiwan).

Date: 1960, October 7
Duration: 4 min 5 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Unedited
Language: English
Clip: 65675073652
U.S. Vice President Nixon talks about the foreign policy of America prior to presidential elections in the United States.

The fourth presidential election debate between Democratic nominee Senator John F. Kennedy and Republican nominee U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon on 21st October 1960 in in New York, United States. News correspondent Quincy Howe speaks prior to the fourth Kennedy-Nixon presidential debate. Mr. Howe reads out the rules and conditions under which the candidates will proceed. He says that Senator Kennedy will make the second opening statement and the first closing statement. Vice President Nixon speaks about the present issue in the United States which is keeping peace without surrender. The peace which is threatened by international communist movements. Nixon says that the United States has to learn from mistakes made in past. He relates to this by mentioning the period of the Iron Curtain in Europe and during the Korean War. Nixon says that situation in President Dwight Eisenhower's administration is reversed. He says that the United States made errors in the past in misjudging the Communists, applying same rules of conduct that are applied to the leaders of the free world. Nixon mentions East-West Paris summit conference of 1960 and Eisenhower's policy regarding Formosa Strait (Taiwan). Nixon speaks that that United States should increase its military strength to high level regardless of what potential opponents have and if any surprise attack is launched, the United States can destroy their war-making capacity. Nixon further says that American policies of military strength, economic strength, and diplomatic firmness will keep the peace without surrender.

Date: 1960
Duration: 9 min 54 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675073666
Kennedy and Nixon comment on nuclear disarmament before summit conference during a presidential election debate in the U.S.

The third Kennedy-Nixon Presidential Debate in the United States. Douglass Cater from Reporter magazine asks Democratic candidate Senator John F Kennedy about what sort of prolonged period does he envisage before there could be a summit conference and if he thinks that there could be any new initiatives on the grounds of nuclear disarmament during that period. Kennedy answers and talks about the need of strengthening of U.S. conventional forces and increasing missile production. On the question of nuclear weapon disarmament he states that the new administration should renew negotiations with the Soviet Union. He disagrees with the present administration's efforts regarding nuclear controls and general disarmament. He states that if he would get a chance he would make efforts to provide for control of nuclear weapons testing and begin general disarmament levels. Republican candidate U.S. Vice President Richard M Nixon mentions about his speech on this subject. He disagrees with Kennedy's statement that the administration is not making any effort because this is the highest level of operations in the whole State Department which is under the President himself. Roscoe Drummond from New York Herald Tribune asks Vice President Nixon about defending Quemoy and Matsu islands. Nixon answers and states that the U.S. should not deal with dictators and should not indicate which particular area it would defend. He gives the examples of the Korean War and World War II where the U.S. made a mistake. He says that Kennedy should change his position in this regard and not encourage the Chinese Communist and Soviet aggressors to react. Kennedy says that the treaty with the Republic of China excludes Quemoy and Matsu from the treaty area. He states that the treaty only includes defending of Formosa (Taiwan) and the Pescadores. He concludes that the U.S. should meet its commitments and raise war if the Chinese Communists attack the Pescadores and Formosa.

Date: 1960, October 13
Duration: 9 min 42 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Unedited
Language: English
Clip: 65675073656
U.S. Senator John Kennedy talks about the foreign policy of America prior to presidential elections in the United States.

The fourth presidential election debate held between Democratic nominee Senator John F. Kennedy and Republican nominee U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon in New York, United States on 21st October 1960. ABC news correspondent Quincy Howe speaks prior to the fourth Kennedy-Nixon presidential debate. Senator Kennedy says he agrees with the policy of Eisenhower's administration regarding the Formosa Strait (Taiwan). He speaks about Communist influence of Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro on Latin Americans which is becoming a threat for the United States. Kennedy also mentions Communist Russians broadcasting ten times as many programs in Spanish to Latin America as the United States does. He talks about technical assistance given to Africa by the United States. He speaks about future of increasing communist influence in world. Kennedy mentions Liberia and the Union of South Africa who voted with America on the question of admission of Red China in the United Nations. Senator Kennedy speaks about Communist influence increasing in the world and relates to it by saying that there are six counties in Africa that are members of the United Nations and there is not a single American diplomatic representative in any of these six. He further speaks about military progress of Communist nations.

Date: 1960
Duration: 7 min 58 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Unedited
Language: English
Clip: 65675073667
Vice President Nixon and Senator Kennedy debate over Quemoy and Matsu issue prior to presidential elections in the U.S.

The fourth presidential election debate held between Democratic nominee Senator John F. Kennedy and Republican nominee U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon in New York, United States on 21st October 1960. ABC News correspondent Quincy Howe speaks during the debate and allows NBC correspondent John Chancellor to pose a question to Richard Nixon a . Correspondent Chancellor asks a question about Quemoy and Matsu issue. Vice President Nixon points out inconsistency of Senator Kennedy. He further explains it by saying that Senator Kennedy signed a resolution in 1955 which gave the president the power to use United States forces to defend Formosa (Taiwan) and offshore islands. But he also voted for an amendment which was lost, an amendment which would have drawn a line and left out those islands. Vice President Nixon supports President Eisenhower's position. Correspondent Howe asks Senator Kennedy to comment on the topic. He speaks about President Eisenhower sending a mission to persuade Chiang Kai-shek in the spring of 1955 to withdraw from Quemoy and Matsu because they were exposed. The President was unsuccessful. He refers to the fact that in 1958, as a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he was very familiar with the position that the United States took in negotiating with Communist China (PRC) on these two islands. He further that the U.S. was unable to persuade China's Chiang Kai-Shek to withdraw and thus it was decided by the U.S. to defend the islands.

Date: 1960
Duration: 4 min 51 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Unedited
Language: English
Clip: 65675073674
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