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Eastern Europe 1956 stock footage and images
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Vice President Nixon and Senator Kennedy debate over a fight against communism prior to presidential elections in the U.S.
The fourth presidential election debate held between Democratic nominee Senator John F. Kennedy and Republican nominee U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon in New York, United States on 21st October 1960. ABC News correspondent Quincy Howe speaks during the debate and allows correspondent Walter Cronkite to ask Senator Kennedy a question. Mr. Cronkite asks Senator Kennedy that in what areas the United States might take offensive against communism rather than being defensive to the Soviet Union. Senator Kennedy replies to the question and says that the eastern Europe is very vulnerable area according to him. He says there should be policies which make it possible to establish closer relation with a country like Poland and he also mentions the Hungarian Revolution. Senator Kennedy speaks about the relations between the Soviet Union and China. He says that India represents a great area for affirmative action by the free world. India started from about the same place that China did. India under a free society has been making some progress. But if India does not succeed, Communism can take over. He says that in Africa, Asia, Latin America, eastern Europe, the great force on their side is the desire of people to be free. Correspondent Howe asks Vice President Nixon to comment on the topic. Nixon speaks about Poland and says that Poland in not in a position to take any independent position under Soviet control. He talks about aids being sent to Poland from the U.S. and says that the U.S. can have more exchange with Poland or with any other Iron Curtain countries.
A 1942-1943 film report to the American public about the progress of World War II in Europe and the Pacific.
Opening slate at start of film reads: "1942--1943 The Turn of the Tide." A column of British armor enters Bengazi, Libya, led by several troops in tankettes. Next seen are a Lee Medium Tank, M3 followed by an infantry tank, a jeep, another infantry tank and another Lee M3 Medium tank. Closeup of local people greeting the troops with upraised hands giving the "V" for victory sign. Another Lee M3 tank passes close by the camera. Black smoke is rising in the background. Scene changes to a half sunken ship near another burning in the harbor. Another view of this from further away above port buildings. Closeup of three smiling British soldiers leaning over a cartoon on a tank, of Winston Churchill (As a bulldog smoking a cigar and wearing a cap with the word "Victory" written on it). A crumpled captured flag with swastika on it. British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery stands atop a vehicle (unseen) and looks through binoculars. Below, a column of British supply vehicles is making its way along a path in the desert. Two tanks coming toward the camera through sand. Animated map shows Nazi territory being threatened by the Allies from the Mediterranean, the USSR, and the English Channel. Views of Soviet infantry advancing against German forces in the snow of winter on the eastern front. Soviet troops firing updated 76-mm divisional gun model 1902 hidden in woods. Shells exploding in snow-covered field as Soviet BT series tanks advance. Various Soviet artillery firing from fixed gun batteries and from woods. A shell striking in distance. Fallen German soldiers lying on snowy field. Makeshift battlefield crosses marking graves of fallen German soldiers. German steel helmets lined up in the snow. A sign, posted on a birch tree, lists the names and birth dates of 16 German soldiers from the 3rd Panzer Division (3Pz-Pi-BH.39) buried at this site on November 28, 1941. Scene shifts to Joseph Stalin addressing Soviet troops in Red Square, Moscow, Russia. All the soldiers in formation seem to be singing (unheard). Film switches to animated map again. This time delineating the Eastern front being pressed by the USSR, and showing area of the 2nd Soviet winter offensive in 1943. Change of scene from Europe to the War in Asia, against Japan, shows General Douglas MacArthur after arriving by a B-17 bomber at a Pacific island American base. He ascends a steep hill in a jungle area, accompanied by other officers. Closeup of MacArthur. American infantry moving in single file in New Guinea, as a field piece fires a round in the direction they are headed. U.S. artillerymen load shells into a 105mm howitzer gun. A fire burns as moping up begins on New Guinea. An Australian soldier is seen firing a Bren gun in jungles. Other Australian soldiers fire a mortar that explodes, raising earth and dust. More views of shells exploding near Allied soldier advancing. A soldier with fixed bayonet makes a fake charge toward the camera. Views of Japanese prisoners of war guarded in an outdoor compound. Japanese dead soldiers on Guadalcanal. An animated map shows new battle lines in the Pacific, closing in on Japan, with pressure from China, the USSR, and the Pacific islands being captured by the U.S. Arrows are added showing new pressure from American naval fleets and from British and American bombers out of Australia and captured islands.
Historical images illustrating the growth of communism in Soviet Russia and East Germany. The Berlin Wall.
Camera pans along a portion of the "Berlin Wall" made of rough concrete blocks topped by barbed wire. Next, a large group of East German people are seen lined up along a fence topped with barbed wire. They look through the fence. More views of the rough concrete block wall. Scene shifts to Asia, where large numbers of refugees are seen moving along a dirt road. Glimpse of Soviet military on parade in Red Square. Refugees and displaced persons in various places and conditions. Some are barefoot. Huge crowds filling Red Square in Moscow,Soviet Russia. The Kremlin wall and old Russian Senate building and Senate Tower in background. Glimpse of Felix Dzerzhinsky giving empassioned speech in Soviet Russia. A baby with an angry expression throwing a tantrum. Glimpse of fallen refugees beside a road. The film displays a rotating globe of the earth and slate identifying "The Big Picture." A statue and photograph of Karl Marx, the philosopher who espoused Communism. Communists marching during early days of the Russian Revolution in Russia circa 1917. Series of One-way road signs in various languages. Large gathering of German people carrying signs reading "Frieden" (Peace). View of a person apprehended attempting to escape across the barrier separating East and West Germany. Closeup picture of East German citizen, Bernt Leuton, who was shot by East German border guards, after successfully swimming to West Germany.
German troops and equipment advance on Eastern Front during World War II.
German forces pulling artillery across shallow water, and pulling a landing craft along a beach. Aerial view of a large body of German soldiers in formations in a field and many miling about in an opern area An area of wrecked trucks. A German tank turns corner. Two German motorcyclists follow a truck. German light tank . A sign reads ' Maniysh Damm, Grenze Europe Asien' (Frontier border between Europe and Asia).German cavalry units advance along road upon the large, wide earthen dam. A barge with trucks in a lake.
German aircraft attack Soviet tanks on Eastern front, and German forces invade Hungary in World War II
Film begins with a map of the South Eastern part of Europe, including countries of Hungary,Croatia,Serbia, and Romania. Then a German Air Force officer is seen dispatching aircraft to attack Soviet tanks on the Eastern front. Next are views from a cockpit of German Junkers Ju 87 (Stuka dive bombers) in flight. Closeup of a Stuka airplane inflight. It is equipped with a machine guns under its wings. More views from a cockpit of smoke rising from the ground, and then of Ju 87s strafing Soviet tanks. Narrator states that more than 300 Soviet tanks were destroyed. Scene changes to German soldier in a defensive position in Hungary, during the German invasion of that country in March, 1944 (Operation Margarethe). View of explosions in the distance. Brief closeup of a German soldier. German infantry leaving their defensive positions and advancing along a hill crest where they are silhouetted against the light sky. Artillery firing from hidden position near trees. Several scenes of burning buildings. German gun crew holding their ears as they fire a heavy artillery piece. A burning tank.
Devastation in Budapest and widespread sympathy in Hungary and Europe for freedom fighters during the Hungarian Revolution in 1956
Hungarian rebels shoot behind a building between Károlyi and Cukor street (Budapest, Károlyi utca 9, 1053 Hungary) in Inner City, Budapest. Two men running away from the crossfire in Városliget (Budapest City Park in Hungarian). Soldier climbs down from tank in park. In a devastated street, a tank rolls in, with Soviet soldiers sitting on top. Abandoned Soviet tanks in Andrassy Avenue. Budapest City Park in flames. Tanks roll in Budapest, with many cheering Hungarians standing on top of tanks. A Roman Catholic priest, wearing black robes and biretta, blesses and offers prayer to victims of battle. Woman, wearing a headscarf, cries. The kneeling crowd stand up and clap for the freedom fighters. View of the Soviet War Memorial at the Tiergarten in the British sector of West Berlin. West Germans demonstrating behind the Brandenburg Gate ( Brandenburger Tor ) Demonstration in West Berlin. Demonstrators holding flags and a sign saying “Ungarns freiheit ist ermordet worden. Was wird aus unseren Freiheit?“ (“Hungary’s freedom has been murdered. What will become of our freedom?” in German). West Berlin police walk past demonstrators. West Berlin police fire water cannon and retaliate at demonstrators. French demonstrators in Paris walk in a somber funeral procession for the Victims of the Hungarian Revolution. French demonstrators rallying against oppressors of Hungary as menace to the liberty of France. Rioting French students vandalize and put to flames the Parti Communisie France (French Communist Party headquarters in Paris. French students run out of the burning French Communist Party headquarters. Firefighters spray at the building to contain the fire. The remnants of the French Communist Party headquarters after the flames were put out. Hungarian rebels in Budapest. Hungarian Communist books and leaflets, such as Szabad Nep and Lenin) being burned. Communist flags being burned.
