United States President Lyndon B. Johnson delivers a speech at a news conference in July 28, 1965 during the Vietnam War. President Johnson quotes a letter from a woman in the Midwest, "Dear Mr. President: In my humble way I am writing to you about the crisis in Vietnam. I have a son who is now in Vietnam. My husband served in World War II. Our country was at war, but now, this time, it's just something that I don’t understand. Why?”. United States Army soldiers in a Vietnamese jungle. A crying Vietnamese child. A man sits in front of a fire in the middle of a ruined house. Fascist leaders Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini during a parade in Munich, Germany. Flags of Nazi Germany and the United Kingdom. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain disembarks from in Munich for the Munich agreement. Nazi German guards turn their heads in unison. Adolf Hitler and Neville Chamberlain walk together. Crowd civilians perform the Nazi salute. Hitler and Mussolini in balcony. Neville Chamberlain reads the “Peace For Our Time” speech. “We regard the agreement signed last night and the Anglo-German Naval Agreement as symbolic of the desire of our two peoples never to go to war with one another again” Chamberlain said before smiling. Ruins of a bombarded city in Europe during World War II. Mussolini gesturing strongly during a speech. Cavalry soldiers on horseback in Ethiopia. Royal Italian Army fighting in Ethiopia during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Italian soldiers firing with a Fiat-Revelli M14 machine gun and advancing in field. Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia protests Italian aggression in the League of Nations. A stylized Nazi eagle statue in Austria. Austrian soldiers during the German Anschluss of 1938. Hitler and Austrian politicians perform the Nazi salute in Vienna. Explosions from night bombardment during the Korean War. Communist Chinese People's Liberation Army troops firing with Chinese Type 24 Maxim Water-Cooled Machine Gun and rifles in Korea. Soldiers’ feet climb and jump up uneven terrain in the battlefield. United States Army M46 Patton tanks pointing upwards and firing at enemy positions. An M46 Patton tank and trucks of the United Nations Forces crossing the 38th parallel line in Korea. Sign denotes the 38th parallel line. President Johnson continues his speech at the White House. “Why must young Americans, born into a land exultant with hope and with golden promise, toil and suffer and sometimes die in such a remote and distant place? The answer, like the war itself, is not an easy one, but it echoes clearly from the painful lessons of half a century. Three times in my lifetime, in two World Wars and in Korea, Americans have gone to far lands to fight for freedom. We have learned at a terrible and a brutal cost that retreat does not bring safety and weakness does not bring peace. It is this lesson that has brought us to Vietnam.” President Johnson said.
The Nazi Army enters Austria. Nazi soldiers on horses as they enter Innsbruck, Kufstein and Salzburg in Austria after crossing over its frontiers. People give the Nazi salute. Soldiers advance towards Austria. A convoy of German trucks on the move. German soldiers enter towns and villages. People welcome the troops as they wave Nazi flags. A Nazi band plays. Newly appointed Chancellor of Austria, Artur Seyys-Inquart in a balcony as he waves to the crowds. German troops loaded in trucks move towards Austria. A motorcade moves past a large crowd as people cheer.
The Anschluss. German military entry into Graz, Austria. German troops are welcomed by civilians. Civilians including women parade. They carry Nazi flags. Nazi flags hang from windows of buildings. People look out of the windows. A sign on a shop in the street reads 'Steirerfunk radio'
German occupation or Anschluss of Austria prior to World War II. German aircraft in flight overhead. Exterior of buildings. Sign at a Jewish business is destroyed and civilians look on and laugh. Narrator announces, "Juden fliehen." Jewish people flee to train station to escape anti-Jewish harrassment. Civilians gather in streets and cheer. Officials stand in the balcony of a building. People stand holding banners and flags. Nazi official Arthur Seyss-Inquart addresses a crowd as German politician Heinrich Luitpold Himmler looks on. Officials in a motorcade. Soldiers aboard a military vehicle. People cheer.
The Anschluss or German annexation of Austria. A newspaper headline announces Hitler's proclamation. Hitler and his entourage enter the Heldenplatz (Heldenplatz, 1010 Vienna) in Vienna, Austria, by way of the Burgtor or Outer Castle Gate. Their motorcade drives between massed crowd of people. Adolf Hitler stands in his car as they proceed. He is cheered by the huge crowd. He stands and addresses the crowd from balcony of the Habsburg Palace. He announces the Anschluss (merger of Germany and Austria) and stresses the unity of the German people with one leader, and one homeland. Huge crowd cheers. Various landmarks in Heldenplatz are seen. People stand on the base of the equestrian statues of Archduke Charles and Prinz Eugen of Savoy. Adolf Hitler greets the crowd as he stands in his car. Nazi soldiers lined up along the street.
German Armed Forces parade in Vienna, Austria after Nazis occupy it during the Anschluss (Unification of Austria into Greater Germany by the Nazi Regime). German leader Adolf Hitler reviews troops. Officers stand in front of 'Cafe Heinrichhof Cafe' and review troops. German armed Forces in vehicles drive past on streets at night.