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Events of 1947: Marshall plan aid; Communists demonstrating in Europe; meeting of the Big Four foreign ministers; the Freedom Train touring America
Industrial scenes in America with a factory with smoke from chimneys, a steel factory in operation, views of the tops of railroad train coal cars filled with coal. Secretary of State George Marshall speaks about providing European countries with material and money (Marshall Plan). He is seen speaking to legislators in Washington DC on November 10, 1947, asking for funds for Austria, Italy, and France "to provide the supplies necessary to permit the people of these countries to continue to eat, to work, and to survive the winter." Truman signs an interim aid bill, S 1774 on December 17, 1947. View of Eiffel Tower in Paris and communists marching and demonstrating in France. Communist demonstrations across Europe. French police monitor communist protestors in France and then disperse a crowd of communists. Narrator notes of similar communist demonstrations in Italy. Winston Churchill arrives for peace conference meeting of the Big Four foreign ministers in London in December 1947. Vyascheslav Molotov attends the conference. George Marshall talks with Molotov. View of the Friendship Train railroad train in the United States approaching on railway tracks during its tour. Also a view of the 1947 special exhibit Freedom Train traveling. Citizens board the Freedom Train at one of its train station stops, to view artifacts and exhibits about American democracy, including a 1823 facsimile of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Exterior view of U.S. Supreme Court building. Statues at the Supreme Court building. The base is inscribed 'The Heritage of the Past is the Seed that Brings Forth the Harvest of the Future'. A group of American boys and girls are seen reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. A larger group of children reciting the pledge of Allegiance (from before the 1950s when "under God" was added) and viewing an American flag fluttering in the wind. View of Mount Rushmore National Memorial, and then another view from the top of the steps of the U.S. Supreme Court building looking outward.
The Marshall Plan being launched to assist recovery of Europe after World War II
Rail cars on the November, 1947 "Friendship Train," at a sea port in the U.S.A. Behind it is seen the funnel of the SS Exiria, of the American Export Lines. The camera moves around to show the Exiria, displaying a large American flag and words,"Friendship Food Ship," on her hull. A steam locomotive on train in France, delivering relief supplies, displays crossed American and French flags on it. Trucks on road in France, displaying French and American flags and pictures of the Freedom Train on their sides, with words:"Ravitaillement, offert spontanment au peuple de France à partir de peuple Americain." (Refueling, spontaneously offered to the people of France from American people.) The SS Exiria docked in an Italian port. A catholic priest and several nuns with a group of boys, standing on the pier, wave American flags. Another group of American girls enthusiastically wave American flags. A large crowd waves several large Italian flags. President Harry S. Truman, at his desk on the White House, Washington, DC, signs the Economic Recovery Act of 1948 (AKA Marshall Plan). Secretary of State Marshall speaking in support of the legislation before Congress. Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg, of Michigan, speaking in support of the bill.
People face drought, rations, closed factories and black marketeers during post-war period in Europe and UK.
A documentary depicts life of people in the post-war ( World War II) economic challenges and hard times in Europe and the United Kingdom. (Before Marshall Plan of 1948). Animated map of Western Europe. Ruins and debris of buildings in cities of Europe damaged during the war.Two women walk past rubble. The damaged buildings. People cross a damaged bridge. A man at work during the construction of a bridge. Men make boats. Smoke comes out from a factory. In the Netherlands, a man in a textile factory works with weaving machinery. Another man paints a machine part. Men at work in the factory. A man and a woman eat food. A French farmer plows a field with the help of two horses. Scene in Norway of boats in a harbor. Norwegian fishermen at a dock. A fisherman untangles a fishing net. People buy food from shops. They walk on a street. People wait in a line for bread ration because of drought of 1947. Loaves of bread on display in store window. A coal processing plant exterior. A small steam locomotive moves on tracks at the factory yard. Close up view of two British coal miners with black soot on faces and bodies as they dig out coal from a mine using a pick axe. Queue of British citizens walk in a line to get coal. A man distributes equal amounts of coal to the British men and women in the queue, who receive a coal ration loaded into a bag. A power plant. A man operates factory controls (controls made in Liverpool), reducing output to lower levels due to power rationing. Different machines at work. View of a large industrial cog wheel slowing to a stop, and a large compressor in a factory slows to a stop. A view of a city. People walk in a street. British men and women enter a food shop in England, with a sign at the doorway indicating that bread is being offered only by ration. A woman feeds hens in a yard. A farmer negotiates with another farmer to sell livestock, but he shakes his head to refuse the offer. People in a city purchase food and other goods in a black market. A woman buying food from a black market seller. She hands him a pile of cash bills in payment. Italian women picking olives beneath olive trees in grove in Italy. A man enters a food shop and speaks to a woman; the shelves in the store are almost empty. A railroad train freight car moves on tracks. A railway freight car factory in Belgium. Men at work in the factory. A man checks a line of completed rail car wheels in the factory. Freight cars lie unused in the factory yard as French customers cannot buy them since the company in Belgium will not accept French Francs in payment. An unemployed Italian man sitting on a wall collects cigarette butts. Weavers in Holland dig in a peet bog as that their weaving jobs are not available.
Preparation and planning of D-Day invasion of Normandy by Allied Forces during World War II.
Film titled ‘D-Day Convoy’ based on invasion of Normandy (D-Day) by Allied Forces during World War II. Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, and Prime Minister of UK Winston Churchill seated at Tehran Conference in December 1943. Other officials stand behind the big three. U.S. General George Marshall, Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe Dwight Eisenhower and other officials seated at a conference table. Map of France details cross channel assault of France by Allied Forces. Map shows coastal locations to be attacked by Allies. Weapons and equipment from America pouring into England. U.S. soldiers arrive in England and train, for the invasion, on southern coast of England. U.S. B-26 bombers hitting German targets and smoke billowing up from exploding bombs. B-17 bomber in flight and bombs falling on German industrial targets. Gunners on B-17s defend against German fighter aircraft. American bomber explodes in flight after attack by German fighter airplane. German Messerschmitt fighter is destroyed. From edited film produced in 1947.
Allied troops and reinforcements hit the beaches of Normandy during D-Day invasion in World War II.
During invasion of France, in World War II. Allied troops land and advance in Normandy on D-Day. U.S. troops run across a beach. Troops disembark from assault boats and wade through surf toward beach. Soldiers rescue wounded soldiers from water. Wounded soldiers being helped out from water. Medics treat wounded soldier on beach. British troops arrive on beach with a team of medics. British troops advance inland. LCIs (Landing Craft Infantry) unload troops in the background. Allied reinforcement troops arrive on beach. Heavy engineering equipment on beach. Allied bombers drop bombs over enemy targets. From edited film produced in 1947.
Communism growing over Central and Eastern Europe after World War 2, and development of Marshall Plan.
Events after World War II. Harvesting in U.S. farms. Closeup view as a tractor plows fields. Men on horseback driving sheep. Woman serves a Thanksgiving turkey dinner to her family gathered at a nice dining room table in the United States. Her children look at the food with smiles. Contrasting scenes show Europeans starving and living in poverty amid post-war ruins. Hungry women and children looking for food. A child in a soup line. Women wait in a line to receive grain that is weighed on a scale (possibly Soviet area). Globe spins. Joseph Stalin and other Soviet officials watch a military parade in Red Square in Russia. Retrospective scenes of the meeting of Russian and U.S. troops at the Elbe River late in World War 2. Communist rally in Paris. A protester holds up a hammer and sickle symbol. A demonstration of protestors in Athens, Greece, around time of Greek Civil War, and another Communist demonstration in Rome, Italy. Map depicts communist control growing over Central and Eastern Europe early in Cold War. High aerial view of Washington DC with a lower altitude airplane flying over the U.S. Capitol. Exterior view of State Department (Old Executive Office Building) in Washington DC. View of Secretary of State James F Byrnes working at his desk. Byrnes speaks of U.S. role in world affairs while at a conference in Stuttgart, Germany. Scenes from a meeting of the Big Four foreign ministers in 1947. Scenes changes to North Portico of White House. Swearing in ceremony of George C. Marshall as Secretary of State. President Harry S Truman shakes hands with Secretary George Marshall. Night view of London landmark buildings. View of door at No. 10 Downing Street in London. View of brutal winter conditions in Europe in February 1947. Citizens try to dig out a train stuck in snow. Women in line in Britain for a rationed good, still saddled with its own postwar reconstruction. Narrator relates that Britain was unable to continue to provide massive military and economic aid to the Greek regime and appealed to the U.S. to handle the situation. Secretary of State Marshall and President Truman seen talking together in front of a fireplace mantle. Marshall boards aircraft for a visit to Moscow. Truman in a White House meeting, seated at oval table with his advisors and cabinet. Truman addressing joint session of congress unveiling Truman Doctrine on March 12, 1947. He asks for funds for Greece and Turkey. Globe highlights USSR. Door sign reads 'Policy Planning Staff - George F Kennan - Director'. Director Kennan seen at his desk. He advocates a long term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies. Reconstruction in Europe. Ground level and aerial views of bomb destroyed European cities, and workers cleaning up rubble from bombing in World War 2. Brief scene from the meeting of 16 nations in Paris on July 3, 1947. Scenes from United Nations meeting held in Lake Success New York in September 1947. George Marshall at podium addressing delegates of UN. Russian delegate Andrey Vyshinsky commenting on Marshall Plan. Signing of Marshall Plan agreement by international delegates meeting in Paris in September 1947.