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Allies demand the unconditional surrender of Japan in World War II. Entry of Soviets and use of atomic bomb ends the war.

Representatives of three nations, seated around table at Potsdam Conference held at Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany. British prime minister, Clement Attlee; President of United States, Harry Truman; and representative of Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin at the Potsdam Conference, July 1945. They deliver an ultimatum of unconditional surrender to Japan. Swarms of B-29 bombers and Aircraft Carrier Task Forces destroy Japanese homeland. Planes on carrier decks.Navy Grumman carrier-based TBF aircraft dropping bombs.. Destruction of ships at sea. Mushroom cloud due to atomic bombing. Chart depicts the power of one atomic bomb. Britain's 'grand slam' bomb, most destructive conventional bomb ever produced. Doctor Ernest Orlando Lawrence, inventor of the cyclotron (atom smashing machine). A man works at the Cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley. General Leslie Groves, head of the project speaks. He is seated with Dr Vannevar Bush, government director of science and research, and Dr Richard Tolman, technical expert. Quantities of uranium shipped from Alberta, Canada are used in bombs. The atomic bomb process (Manhattan Project) is developed in widely separated areas; scenes from Hanford Project plant in Richmond, Washington. Project personnel exit cars and enter into the search area before starting their work day. Lieutenant colonel Franklin T Matthias with the army corps of engineers, appointed to the Hanford Project. Sign of 'Oak Ridge' in Tennessee. Largest of the three atomic bomb plants located near the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) dam. Employed personnel in atomic bomb plants are seen going to work. Man and woman employees at the plan read and smile at a Knoxville Journal newspaper in August 1945 with news headline "Power of Oak Ridge Atomic Bomb hits Japs" after the atomic bomb was dropped in Hiroshima. View of dense prefabricated home communities to house large number of Oak Ridge plant workers. View of families setting up their houses in trailer towns after the prefabricated homes were full. People come out from the Henebry's Jewelers and supermarket, among stores setup to meet the needs of the quickly built city. Scenes changes to show view of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin at conference. Russian artillery and troops in a parade at Red Square in Moscow, Russia (these parade scenes are from the May 1, 1945 May Day parade, just days before Germany's surrender). President Harry Truman reports on the latest developments regarding the war with Japan. He states that the United States is prepared to destroy every productive enterprise in Japan and the U.S. shall completely destroy its power to make war. He warns of an attack by the U.S. due to the rejection of the July 26th ultimatum at Potsdam. He warns that Japan "should expect a rain of ruin from the air; the like of which has never been seen on this earth." Truman notes that it will be followed by an unprecedented sea and land invasion of Japan.

Date: 1945, August 9
Duration: 4 min 57 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675024695
Allied American, British and Soviet leaders during the Malta and Yalta Conference.

The Malta Conference in Malta, January - February 1945. The Malta fortification, building and towers. A plane taxis on the Luqa Airport on the island. General Woods, Smith, Marshall and Brehon B. Somervell deplane in Malta. Major General C.P. Woods shakes hands. Lt. General Walter B. Smith met by British Air Commander Whitney Strait. Ambassador W. Abel Hellemen with Major General F. M. Andersen. Arrival of Admiral Ernest J.King at the airport. Field Marshall Sir Harold Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander in the Mediterranean Theater. Admiral Andrew and B. Cunningham greet each other. General George C. Marshall steps off a plane. General Brehon B. Somervell greets England's Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden. On February 2, 1945 an American warship arrives with U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He is saluted by the British Prime Minister Churchill. Sailors on deck. View of the Montgomery House. Combined meeting of U.S. and British Chiefs of Staff at the Montgomery House. The chiefs are seated around a table, military plans agreed upon. A wall map in the background. Delegates leave for another conference. Policemen control the crowds on either sides of a street. A Russian airport near Yalta in the Crimea. A transport plane lands at the airport. Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov greets Allied leaders outside a tent. Edward Stettinius U.S. Secretary of State gets off the plane. UK Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden. The flags of three countries fly over the field: US, UK and Soviet Union. Secretary of State outside the tent. Harry Hopkins arrives. Prime Minister Churchill gets off a UK plane. Kremlin Guards form the guard of honor. Franklin D Roosevelt greeted by Russian reception committee. Daughters of Roosevelt and Churchill talk All the delegates around the transport plane. Delegates salute during the national anthem. British Prime Minister and U.S. President inspect the guard of honor after the national anthem. Kremlin Guards march past in review. (World War II period).

Date: 1945
Duration: 6 min 12 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675033669
End of World War II and signing of UN charter in San Francisco, United States

United States and Soviet Union soldiers celebrate their victory as world War 2 comes to an end in Germany. "Elbe Day": Soviet and American soldiers meet at the River Elbe on 25-26 April, 1945. View of Nazi swastika being blown up at Zeppelinfeld in Nuremberg Germany in 1945. Scenes of celebration in the streets of Paris with French civilians cheering American and French soldiers and celebrating the end of World War 2. French women kiss soldiers. Crowd gathered in Times Square in New York celebrating VE-Day (Victory in Europe Day). Foreign Ministers of fifty nations arrive at San Francisco to sign the United Nations Charter. United States President Harry S. Truman addresses the delegates at the closing ceremony of the conference on June 26, 1946. Ships bring American soldiers back home, including some wounded, after World War 2. Women and families on dock at harbor wave and smile at arriving troop ship with American soldiers returning home. Also seen are soldiers of other countries including Soviet Russian soldiers returning to their families at a train station, with smiling and tearful family reunions. Cemeteries with headstones honoring soldiers who died in the war. Military hardware being scrapped to make peacetime goods. Views of explosive charges being set and military aircraft being blown up for scrap. Piles of scrapped military vehicles. A woman in a factory organizes newly manufactured clothes irons. Workers in a factory perform final assembly on newly manufactured ovens and stoves for homes.

Date: 1945
Duration: 2 min 40 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675037571
Ground Infantry quiz question on the famous speech by President Harry S Truman in United States

Picture of Benjamin Franklin, Photo of President Franklin D Roosevelt, President Abraham Lincoln, President Harry S Truman, Prime Minister of Britain Winston Churchill and Premiere of Soviet Union Joseph Stalin. GI quiz question on the famous speech by President Harry S Truman. President Harry S Truman addresses United Nations Council on April 25, 1945 at the group's opening conference in San Francisco, California. Truman says, "If we do not want to die together in war, we must learn to live together in peace."

Date: 1945
Duration: 53 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675025696
V-J Day: New Yorkers celebrate as President Harry Truman announces Japanese surrender during World War II.

Events surrounding the surrender of Japan during World War II. Scene from the Potsdam Conference meeting. Group of dignitaries together including Clement Attlee, Harry Truman, and Joseph Stalin. U.S. President Harry S. Truman and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin, in discussion. A parade in Moscow showing Soviet military might (these scenes are from the May 1, 1945 May Day parade just before Germany's surrender). Scene changes to Japanese Emperor Hirohito riding on a white horse in a procession. Next scene shows dignitaries arriving for meeting at the White House in Washington D.C. U.S. Secretary of War Henry Stimson, Secretary of State James Byrnes and Secretary of Navy James Forrestal meet at the White House. Close up view of Secretary Forrestal. View of President Truman with his cabinet in a meeting. Scenes from prior months showing dignitaries involved in the war: Close up of the late President Franklin Roosevelt. A scene of President Roosevelt shaking hands with several Soviet military officers. General Douglas MacArthur seated and talking to President Roosevelt. Close up view of Chairman of Nationalist Government of China, Chiang Kai Shek. View of U.S. Navy Admiral Chester Nimitz shaking hands with a sailor. Views of President Truman meeting in emergency session with his cabinet, and his announcement of the Japanese surrender. View of former Secretary Hull at that meeting. President Truman standing as he reads from a bulletin confirming the Japanese acceptance of the terms of the Potsdam Agreement and their agreement to unconditional surrender. View of media, press, and newsmen running from the White House to file the happy news story. New Yorkers rejoice at the end of war. Daytime scenes of happy, jubilant celebrations on Victory over Japan day, or V-J Day, in the Times Square area of New York City. Crowds cheering, people dancing, soldiers, sailors, and citizens waving hands and American flags. A neon sign with message "Japs Surrender". View of night time celebrations at Times Square as the crowd continues to celebrate VJ Day.

Date: 1945, August 15
Duration: 4 min 12 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675051627
Mob uprisings against Fascists in Europe, during the end of World War II. The Third Moscow Conference of the Allied occupying powers. The Belsen trials.

A mob, seeking revenge against Fascist leaders, fills a city square. They pound on steel gates of a government building. Soldiers and police attempt to protect various persons from the mobs. Others are unprotected and suffer beatings and death. Bodies of Benito Mussolini and his Mistress Clara Petacci are seen hung upside down by Italian Partisans in Milan, Italy, on 28 April 1945. Scene shifts to image of postwar occupying powers, United States, Soviet Union, and Great Britain, whose flags are displayed in the center of a conference table during the Third Moscow Conference. Principals signing agreements, in November, 1943, providing, among other things, for lawful and orderly trials of war criminals, following World War 2. Seen signing are: Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov; U.S. Secretary of State, Cordell Hull; and British foreign Secretary, Sir Anthony Eden. View of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, leading a contingent of American wartime Generals on a mission to document Nazi atrocities at liberated German concentration camps. Closeup of a man directing local German citizens who were forced to observe the horrors of the camp. Closeup of an oven used to dispose of bodies of victims. Dead bodies of concentration camp victims strewn in a heap. A room filled with documentary evidence to be analyzed and used in war crimes trials. the body of German General Admiral Hans-Georg von Friedeburg , and of Heinrich Himmler, both of whom committed suicide. A hand holding cyanide capsules. Body of Leipzig City Council deputy mayor Dr. Ernst Kurt Lisso slumped over his desk, following suicide. Body of his daughter, Regina Lisso also a suicide victim. Nazi war criminals being rounded up by Allied military.One being carried on a stretcher. Another, a German officer, is taken into custody. Next, Josef Kramer, the Commandant of Bergen-Belsen concentration camp is seen under guard by a British soldier. British soldiers guarding the court room of the second Belsen trial, convened by the Allied occupational forces, in the Gymnasium building of Luneburg. View of the courtroom with defendants wearing numbers. Closeup of numbers 1 and 2, Josef Kramer, and Fritz Klein, respectively. View of Allied military officers sitting in judgment. Closeups of women defendants, including Irma Grese (number 9) and Elisabeth Volkenrath (number 11). Camera pans around the courtroom.

Date: 1945
Duration: 2 min 40 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675055475