Crisis in Poland after the imposition of Martial Law by its Military Government. Polish poet Czeslaw Milosz reads a poem and insists the Polish people to rise and unite for a common cause of freedom.
Crisis in Poland after the imposition of Martial Law by its Military Government. World wide demonstrations and protests against the military rule in Poland supported by Soviet government. A large crowd of demonstrators in Tokyo, Japan protests on roads carrying banners and their leader addresses on a microphone. A solidarity leader addresses an assembly of demonstrators in Lisbon, Portugal. Protesters assemble at the Sydney Opera House in Sydney, Australia. Girls with Polish flags sing freedom songs. Hans Dietrich Gentscher from Federal Republic of Germany addresses the people assembled. U.S. Senator Henry Jackson and Dr Jerzy Milesewski support the solidarity and Polish people. A huge demonstration in London with people holding banners and placards in support of solidarity in Poland. Civilians demonstrate on the snow covered roads of Ottawa in Canada. People shout for freedom of Poland. A leader reads his speech. A large crowd assembled to support solidarity in Washington DC, United States. U.S. Ambassador to United Nations condemns the Soviet supported military rule in Poland. German Confederation Labor leader supports Polish solidarity during a summit in Germany. A crowd demonstrates in Philadelphia and marches for Polish solidarity. People in a church pray for freedom and prosperity of Polish people.
Close-up images of a slide projector as it is turned on and as its Kodak zoom lens moves forward. A picturesque Czech town is seen with numerous historic looking buildings. View of Červená Lhota (Red Village) Castle in South Bohemia. (It has bright red roof tiles, not seen in black and white photos.) A town square and buildings nearby, including one that appears to be a cathedral. A bucolic hillside scene with sheaves of wheat stacked in groups and a village in far background. Farmers moving loaded wagons with teams of oxen. Farming scenes. Local people gathered around a church building, in a rural setting. Closeups of several young girls with their heads covered. A priest conducting mass at a section of the church with altar and backdrop open to the outdoors. Many women are attending and most have their heads covered. Closeup of a woman drinking from a bottle and girls at a marketplace. Girls and a man dressed in traditional costumes. A couple in traditional costumes. Glimpse of bridge over the River Vitava in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Glimpse of isolated church spire in area near city. Pedestrians and horse-drawn carts and wagons moving over the Charles bridge in Prague. Woman with baby in carriage and other pedestrians walking past Statue of Francis Borgia. on the bridge. View from bridge overlooking Wenceslas Square and statue of St Wenceslas, Prague. A tram moves below. Time moves to 1937. Police directing traffic and pedestrians at a busy corner in Prague. People at a flower stall. Glimpse of Adolf Hitler and Hermann Goering. People boarding and riding on trams. Children holding bouquets of flowers. A heavy gun barrel being raised. A backyard with line of wash and children playing in the field. Year is now 1938. German soldiers move a large artillery piece into position on a road. Agreements being signed related to the German annexation of the Sudetenland, portion of Czechoslovakia containing Germans who were incorporated into Czechoslovakia after World War I ). German troops moving into the Sudetenland. Czechs and Germans signing Munich Agreement documents, German forces driving into a city. Hitler meeting with Czech officials. Hitler heading a group including Hermann Goering and other high ranking German officials, as they walk along a road in a Sudetenland city where citizens welcome them enthusiastically. Momentary glimpses of persons being mistreated. Sudden change of scene to persons posing, including some in concentration uniforms. Hitler being overwhelmed by flowers. Empty street scene with flowers discarded on the road. Year advances to 1942. Concentration camp inmates pose behind barbed wire. Year, 1943. A young Jewish woman is seen with Jewish Star of David and word "Juden" displayed on her jacket and the number 671 on a tag around her neck. Year advances to 1943-1944. View of inmates crammed into a concentration camp barracks room.
History of Czechoslovakia from 1919 to 1968 depicts lives of its people and various crisis. Clip shows combination of still images and moving images, with background of Czech musical soundtrack. A burning Nazi plane shot by Soviet military during World War II. Soviet Red Army marches in Prague, Poland in May 1945 to rescue from German occupation and atrocities. People destroy Nazi emblems and symbols from buildings. People assemble in large numbers on roads and cheer for the incoming Soviet troops and tanks. Civilians of Czechoslovakia during normal life after World War 2. Workers in mines, farmers in field and women work in houses. Spread of communism and communists make a star formation during a rally in Prague (sometimes called the Prague Spring). President Edvard Benes in 1948 signs pact with Soviet government. Photos of Soviet General Joseph Stalin and other Soviet leaders in his office. Various Presidents and leaders of Czechoslovakia during the 1950s. Military and civilian communist groups march on streets in 1956. Czech Skoda automobile production factory scenes in mid 1960s. Workers work in factories and shops till night hours. A Czech textile factory scene. Czech men and women in 1960s fashions enjoying mugs of beer. Several scenes with Alexander Dubček, (Alexander Dubcek), then Soviet leaders Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolai Brezhnev arrive for meeting with Dubček. Smiling Czech people walk in cities and at a cafe during liberalization measures. Soviet and Warsaw Pact tanks, armored vehicles, infantry and aircraft start their occupation ending the Prague Spring in Prague, Bratislave and other cities in August 1968. Civilians protest, demonstrate, and argue with Soviet troops and demonstrate in streets. Some approach tanks and attempt to damage the tanks. Large crowd of civilians watch the retreating Soviet forces from Czechoslovakia in 1968. Red Army met with agitation and resistance on streets by civilians. Soviet troops fire at some demonstrating civilians.
Methods used by the Soviet Army during their Warsaw Pact invasion to put down the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia in 1968. Civilian protest cartoons, articles and signs against the Soviets. Czech civilian protesters run to escape from Soviet tanks and military in a city. Wounded demonstrators taken in ambulance. People demonstrating peacefully ran over by Soviet tanks and armored vehicles. People weep during the funeral ceremony of those killed by the Soviet Army. Soviet Army retreats from Czechoslovakia met with resistance and demonstrations by civilians.
Postwar scenes in Moscow, Russia, after end of World War II. The population including civilians and soldiers mingle and enjoy peacetime activities. A young Soviet soldier walks with a young woman who carries a large bouquet of flowers. People stroll leisurely along the sidewalks. A motorist in a convertible coupe automobile, parked on Red Square, paints a picture of Saint Basil's Cathedral, which is seen clearly in background. Trams pass behind him. View of huge storage tanks.Bricklayers at work on top level of a building. Numerous government buildings. View of Moscow State University building from 1793 on Manezhnaya ploshchad (Square). Students emerging from the University.
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