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Armenia 1988 stock footage and images
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Scenes of the so-called European Shore, from USAT Martha Washington, underway westward, through Bosphorus Strait.
Camera pans shoreline in vicinity of Trebizond (Trabzon), Turkey, on the Black Sea. Views are from the Ocean Liner, United States Army transport, USAT Martha Washington, as it carries passengers (unseen) westward, including members of the American Military Mission to Turkey and Armenia. Next, are shown scenes as the Martha Washington traverses the Bosphorus Strait, at its narrowest point, where the "Fortress of Europe" aka "Rumeli Castle" or "Fortress Rumeli Hisari" is seen on the so-called European shore.
Turkish soldiers killed during the Battle of Sarikamish in World War I
Frozen bodies of numerous dead Turkish soldiers line a mountain road in Sarikamish. They fell victim to the opposing Russian Forces and the severe cold weather, during the World War 1, Caucasus Campaign Battle of Sarikamish (part of Russian Armenia at that time).
Regional issues are discussed by world leaders during the Moscow Summit
Regional issues are discussed during the Moscow Summit on Soviet troops in Afghanistan, the Iran-Iraq War, Middle East Peace, and Nicaragua cease fire. Soviet Union army troops in Afghanistan. A Russian tank is stationed. A camel wearing a mask in the foreground. Soviet soldiers marching. United States President Ronald Reagan speaks on the Soviet Union's decision on the removal of the soldiers from Afghanistan. “The next few months will be no time for complacency, no time to sit back and congratulate ourselves. The Soviets have rarely before--and not at all in more than three decades--left a country, once occupied. They have often promised to leave, but rarely in their history, and then only under pressure from the West, have they actually done it.” President Reagan said. Soviet Army trucks and tanks are driven. Soviet soldiers patrolling on streets in a town in Afghanistan. A United States officer in a press conference. A Soviet aircraft in flight dropping supplies. Soviet soldiers on tanks. Scene changes to Iranian and Iraqi soldiers as they fire artillery, rockets, and from tanks during the Iran-Iraq War. Scene of United Nations meeting in progress with George Schultz representing the United States. Missile fired by United States Navy ship at Iranian target. View of firefighting operations and wreckage of Iranian oil platforms following U.S. missile attack in Operation Nimble Archer on 19 October 1987. The U.S. Secretary of State George Shultz visits places in the Middle East, working to convince Arabs and the Israelis about a peace agreement. Scenes in Nicaragua, as a cease fire with the contra rebels is signed by Nicaraguan Defense Minister Humberto Ortega, on March 23 in Sapoa. Figures seen include Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega, Joao Baena Soares, (General Secretary of the Organization of American States), Cardinal Miguel Obando Y Bravo, and Alfredo Cesar, director of Nicaraguan Resistance.
Marshall Goldman speaks about attempts by Gorbachev to improve sluggish Soviet economy; also early 1980s Poland solidarity movement scenes
The USA-USSR Moscow summit on perestroika in Moscow, Soviet Union. A boat sails in water in front of Red Square buildings in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union. Traffic on road in Moscow. The expert speaks on the sluggish Soviet economy. Soviet Russian people walk on the streets in a Soviet city (likely Moscow). Some are shopping; some are reading posted material on bulletin boards. Marshall Goldman, a Soviet economist, speaks during a world net telecast. More views of Russian people in front of the shops and on the streets in the 1980s. The U.S. president Ronald Wilson Reagan and General Secretary of the communist party of Soviet Union Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev sign a pact limiting nuclear weapons. Mikhail Gorbachev waves to the people. The people hold balloons as they stand to greet him. Soviet Officials including Gorbachev stand at Kremlin in Red Square during a military parade. Flashback scene during the formation of the Solidarit Labor Union in Poland. Lech Wałęsa, Polish Solidarity leader, speaking to a crowd in the early 1980s. Crowd protests on streets in Poland during time of formation of Solidarity movement. Final scenes of clip show rally in Red Square Soviet Union as balloons rise during celebration or parade, and view of large banner of famous deceased Soviet leaders is seen hanging from buildings.
Officials speak on the issues of human rights and religious freedom as interest groups protest in the Soviet Union and the U.S.
The US-USSR Moscow Summit on Human rights in Moscow, Soviet Union. U.S. president Ronald Reagan speaks on issues relating to Human rights. Other officials seated in front. He speaks about the right to immigrate and travel. View of the Kremlin in Moscow. U.S. Secretory of State George Pratt Shultz speaks about strategic arms reductions in light of the weapons race. The White house press secretary Marlin Fitzwater at a press conference. The board reads 'Department of State'. Exteriors of the building. View of protesters permitted to demonstrate in the Soviet Union indicating some improvement in conditions. In Washington DC, citizens march on streets demonstrating for the freedom of Soviet Jews. The soviet scholar Peter Reddaway speaks about the reforms and highlights reforms and changing Soviet policy on open-ended internment of mental health patients. People pray inside a church in the Soviet Union. George Weigel, the president of the James Madison Foundation, speaks of importance of religious freedom in the Soviet union on a news panel. Weigel states that religious freedom is a key test of Glasnost and Perestroika. Exterior view of the Ukrainian Catholic National Shrine of the Holy Family under construction in Washington DC, built by Ukrainian American Catholics. People in the Soviet Union protest, marching on a street and holding signs and pickets. A large military parade in the Soviet Union in Red Square.
General Secretary Gorbachev of the Soviet Union extends New Year greetings to people of the United States.
Opening scene shows closeup of a large illuminated Red Star displayed during New Year holidays atop Nikolskaya Tower in the Kremlin. It is seen again, from Red Square, along with Kremlin wall. A light snow covers evergreen trees in foreground. The General Secretary of the communist party of Soviet Union Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev speaks on world net telecast in Moscow, Soviet Union. He begins his remarks by saying: "Ladies and gentleman, friends, as we celebrate the New Year, I am glad to address the citizens of the United States of America and to convey to you season's greetings and best wishes from all Soviet people." He speaks of the improving interactions and relations between "our two peoples." Among other things, he states: "Human life is equally priceless, whether in the Soviet Union, the United States, or in any other country. So, let us spare no effort to affirm peace on Earth. He finishes by saying: "In concluding this New Year address to the people of the United States of America, I wish peace, happiness, and joy to every American family. A happy New Year to all of you."
