American Army forces heading to France during World War 1. U.S. Army troops embark from Newport News, Virginia for France in 1918 during World War I. View of the Newport News harbor. USS Madawaska in the foreground. Other ships in the background. The troops with their supplies embark on USS America. They walk up a gangplank. The troops on the deck of USS America. The troops climb on the mast.
A documentary 'The Years of Decision' reviews the beginning of the Marshall Plan in response to recovery needs of the European people following World War 2. Busy streets and sidewalks filled with pedestrians in London as people walk in the city. Double decker buses and other vehicles driving past on a road in the background. People in France walking on streets of city, sitting in cafes, and buying food, produce, textiles and other items from market vendors with stalls and carts. Men and women buy things from shops. Scene changes to the Netherlands, with many men riding bicycles arriving or departing work at Heineken Brewery in Amsterdam (Heineken Brouwerij on Stadhouderskade). The Dutch words “Stoom Bierbrouwerij” (Steam Brewery) are seen on the building. A Dutch man in a textile factory works at a weaving machine. Scene changes to a coal mine area in the United Kingdom. British coal miners sitting in a train headed into a mine. A worker at the Fiat factory in Turin, Italy measures a small steel part used in manufacturing cars. Cattle on a farm walk near barns. A French farmer in France driving a tractor.
A documentary reviews the beginning of the Marshall Plan in response to the post war (World War II) needs of Europeans. It depicts its effect on the lives of people during the first year of its implementation. People on a street. A map of Europe. Animation depicts the production of textile, output of coal, requirement of manufacturing industries, and declined food production. U.S. Secretary of State George Catlett Marshall, Jr., tells the people of Europe that if they work together the U.S. will supply money for food and raw material. Wide and close views of newsstand in England, United Kingdom. British man buys a newspaper to read about Marshall's appeal in the newspapers. Traffic on the streets in Paris, France. Foreign Minsters of Great Britain, France and Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov arrive in Paris and ascend steps of building for a meeting to discuss the Marshall Plan. The delegates and representatives at the meeting. Molotov comes out from the meeting. Animated map depicts 16 European nations which get together to work for economic development. The delegates seated in a hall in Paris. The Organization for Economic Co-operation is formed. Delegates of European nations signing a document. Wide view of a port area in Norway. A book on a table reads 'First Annual Requirements Program Submitted to O.E.E.C.' Wide view of Piazza del Popolo in Rome, Italy with Flaminio Obelisk in the center and traffic on roads Traffic and people on roads of Ulus Square (Ulus Meydanı) in Ankara, Turkey, with the equestrian statue Monument of Victory, depicting Mustafa Kemal Atatürk on horseback. Busy street and pedestrian traffic along O’Connell Street in Dublin, Ireland, with Gresham Hotel visible. Traffic passing over the O’Connell Bridge spanning the River Liffey. The U.S. Capitol in Washington DC. A meeting of the Congress for the Marshall Plan. View of Paul G. Hoffman who was appointed the administrator of the Marshall Plan. Man smoking cigarette and tuning radio to listen to broadcast. Families and people in living rooms listen on radios to news about the European Recover Program (ERP). Men unload food supplies sent by the U.S. from ships at a dock. People listen to a dignitary. Men unload machines from the ship. Workers in the Netherlands ride bicycles. A man unloads cotton from a freight car. A sign for ERP on the freight car. Men at work in a textile mill in the Netherlands. A coal hoist is delivered in Britain and British miners dig out coal and use the hoist. The coal is loaded aboard a ship for trade. Fiat automobile assembly line seen in operation in Turin, Italy, with workers building new 1948 Fiat Topolino cars.
The history of aviation. A glider being launched from a hillside in Germany. The glider is parked. Several men stand nearby. The glider in flight overhead. The first flight of the Wright Brothers at Kitty Hawk in North Carolina on December 17, 1903. A still photograph of Wright Brothers' aircraft in flight. The pilot in a prone position while piloting the aircraft. Launching of Wright Brothers' aircraft in France on August 8, 1908. A launching tower, weight dropping and the take off of the aircraft are shown. Spectators in stands watch the air show. Headlines of a New York newspaper proclaim Wright's flight in France.
French President of Council of Ministers of the Third French Republic Pierre Laval arrives in New York. French ocean liner SS Ile de France underway at sea. Pierre Laval disembarks from SS Ile de France with his daughter Mlle Josette. Laval is greeted by representatives of U.S. State Department, city officials and French Ambassador to the United States Paul Claudel. A tug sprays water in New York Harbor. The party boards the tug Macom and is landed at the battery and escorted up lower Broadway to City Hall where Mayor Jimmy Walker welcomes the diplomats on behalf of the metropolis.
Officials confer during World War II. Allied war material stacked on a port in England, including U.S. tanks, trailers, razor wire, fencing, and trucks in preparation for invasion of Europe in 1944. American and British soldiers work and load the supplies for their shipment to the war front. U.S. soldiers unload at a beach site. British Army soldiers roll a covered artillery piece . It has a chalk handwritten label on the gun barrel that says, "Slim's Deadly Poison" and an image of skull and cross bones. Laborers building a German fortification in coastal France. German General viewing English Channel from coastal fortification along the Atlantic Wall. German Chancellor Adolf Hitler and Prime Minister of Italy Benito Mussolini confer in a meeting. The officials discuss strategies for the war over a large map. Newspapers with English headlines speculating about the coming Allied invasion. George Marshall and other Allied officers of the War Council of the united nations assembled at a large conference table and in discussion for the Invasion of Europe (D-Day invasion of France).
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