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Lyndon B. Johnson speech on Vietnam War; scenes from World War II and Korean War

United States President Lyndon B. Johnson delivers a speech at a news conference in July 28, 1965 during the Vietnam War. President Johnson quotes a letter from a woman in the Midwest, "Dear Mr. President: In my humble way I am writing to you about the crisis in Vietnam. I have a son who is now in Vietnam. My husband served in World War II. Our country was at war, but now, this time, it's just something that I don’t understand. Why?”. United States Army soldiers in a Vietnamese jungle. A crying Vietnamese child. A man sits in front of a fire in the middle of a ruined house. Fascist leaders Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini during a parade in Munich, Germany. Flags of Nazi Germany and the United Kingdom. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain disembarks from in Munich for the Munich agreement. Nazi German guards turn their heads in unison. Adolf Hitler and Neville Chamberlain walk together. Crowd civilians perform the Nazi salute. Hitler and Mussolini in balcony. Neville Chamberlain reads the “Peace For Our Time” speech. “We regard the agreement signed last night and the Anglo-German Naval Agreement as symbolic of the desire of our two peoples never to go to war with one another again” Chamberlain said before smiling. Ruins of a bombarded city in Europe during World War II. Mussolini gesturing strongly during a speech. Cavalry soldiers on horseback in Ethiopia. Royal Italian Army fighting in Ethiopia during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Italian soldiers firing with a Fiat-Revelli M14 machine gun and advancing in field. Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia protests Italian aggression in the League of Nations. A stylized Nazi eagle statue in Austria. Austrian soldiers during the German Anschluss of 1938. Hitler and Austrian politicians perform the Nazi salute in Vienna. Explosions from night bombardment during the Korean War. Communist Chinese People's Liberation Army troops firing with Chinese Type 24 Maxim Water-Cooled Machine Gun and rifles in Korea. Soldiers’ feet climb and jump up uneven terrain in the battlefield. United States Army M46 Patton tanks pointing upwards and firing at enemy positions. An M46 Patton tank and trucks of the United Nations Forces crossing the 38th parallel line in Korea. Sign denotes the 38th parallel line. President Johnson continues his speech at the White House. “Why must young Americans, born into a land exultant with hope and with golden promise, toil and suffer and sometimes die in such a remote and distant place? The answer, like the war itself, is not an easy one, but it echoes clearly from the painful lessons of half a century. Three times in my lifetime, in two World Wars and in Korea, Americans have gone to far lands to fight for freedom. We have learned at a terrible and a brutal cost that retreat does not bring safety and weakness does not bring peace. It is this lesson that has brought us to Vietnam.” President Johnson said.

Date: 1965, July 28
Duration: 4 min 3 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675080604
Ground and air crew of Allied aircraft work to bomb German held territory in France and Netherlands in Spring of 1944 during World War 2.

Allies bomb Nazi targets in France and Netherlands during World War II. An animated map shows France and Germany. Allied squadrons move towards the bombers. Martin B-26 Marauder aircraft taxi and take off from a British airfield in England, United Kingdom. Interior cockpit view of a B-26 A pilot in the cockpit as he puts on a steel combat helmet and wears a steel jacket. A formation of bombers drops bombs on a Nazi German controlled airfield in Holland. Ground crew watches as a bomber comes in for landing. An aircraft sends off flares shortly before landing, indicating to ground crews that there are wounded soldiers on board. The bomber lands on its belly. Ground crew moves towards the bomber. A row of bombers. Crew members work on the bomber. Multiple shots of more bomber aircraft as they take off (some shots from the side, and some with the aircraft approaching the camera position). View of bombs attached to the bomber with bomb bay open. Bombs away view as bomb clusters are released through open aircraft bomb bay doors. Bombs dropped on Nazi installations in France. Aerial view of explosions on the ground.

Date: 1944
Duration: 3 min 29 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675033601
Allied American, British and Soviet leaders during the Malta and Yalta Conference.

The Malta Conference in Malta, January - February 1945. The Malta fortification, building and towers. A plane taxis on the Luqa Airport on the island. General Woods, Smith, Marshall and Brehon B. Somervell deplane in Malta. Major General C.P. Woods shakes hands. Lt. General Walter B. Smith met by British Air Commander Whitney Strait. Ambassador W. Abel Hellemen with Major General F. M. Andersen. Arrival of Admiral Ernest J.King at the airport. Field Marshall Sir Harold Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander in the Mediterranean Theater. Admiral Andrew and B. Cunningham greet each other. General George C. Marshall steps off a plane. General Brehon B. Somervell greets England's Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden. On February 2, 1945 an American warship arrives with U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He is saluted by the British Prime Minister Churchill. Sailors on deck. View of the Montgomery House. Combined meeting of U.S. and British Chiefs of Staff at the Montgomery House. The chiefs are seated around a table, military plans agreed upon. A wall map in the background. Delegates leave for another conference. Policemen control the crowds on either sides of a street. A Russian airport near Yalta in the Crimea. A transport plane lands at the airport. Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov greets Allied leaders outside a tent. Edward Stettinius U.S. Secretary of State gets off the plane. UK Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden. The flags of three countries fly over the field: US, UK and Soviet Union. Secretary of State outside the tent. Harry Hopkins arrives. Prime Minister Churchill gets off a UK plane. Kremlin Guards form the guard of honor. Franklin D Roosevelt greeted by Russian reception committee. Daughters of Roosevelt and Churchill talk All the delegates around the transport plane. Delegates salute during the national anthem. British Prime Minister and U.S. President inspect the guard of honor after the national anthem. Kremlin Guards march past in review. (World War II period).

Date: 1945
Duration: 6 min 12 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675033669
U.S. President John F Kennedy visits Vienna and London during his European tour.

People at a railway station wait for a train in Vienna, Austria. Little girls standing with flowers in their hands. Train arrives and Premier Nikita Khrushchev greeted by people including Austrian president Adolf Scharf. President John F Kennedy at Schwechat airport (Vienna International Airport 1300 Schwechat, Austria) in Vienna and people welcome him with banners. President Kennedy meets with dignitaries present there. President Kennedy meets Premier Khrushchev and has important discussions on critical issues. President with an army personnel. A United States plane standing in the background. President meets people. People standing in line includes Jacqueline Kennedy, French President Charles De Gaulle. Prime Minister Harold McMillan of England addresses gathering on ground.

Date: 1961, June
Duration: 2 min 55 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675034147
British light tanks and personnel carriers moving across open terrain.

Flight of Royal Air Force Blenhiem fighters passes over area. British light tanks and personnel carriers moving across open terrain. British soldiers get off bicycles and run onto field carrying rifles. Full packs. British light tanks and personnel carriers moving over rough terrain. (World War II period).

Date: 1941
Duration: 53 sec
Sound: No
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Unedited
Language: None
Clip: 65675034906
Winter Olympics in Oslo, Norway in 1952, and Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.

Olympic flag hoisted during the Winter Olympics in Oslo, Norway. German bobsled team wins. Ski jump competition during the events. Scene changes to Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. A car in front of the Soviet Russian athlete housing in the Olympic village. Soviet athletes near the car. Emil Zatopek running during a track event. People hold him after he wins the event. Lindy Remigino of New York wins the 100 meter dash. Sprint competition winners on podium. Flags of various countries. Olympic torch in background.

Date: 1952
Duration: 1 min 49 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675035489