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Riga Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic 1947 stock footage and images
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Post-World War 1 events in Russia
Crowd milling about in Kronstadt, West of Saint Petersburg,Russia, as group of Russian sailors, soldiers and civilians, marches in their midst carrying a Sign reading "Peace, Freedom, and Bread." On March 7, 1921, The Bolshevik government sends 60,000 troops under command of Mikhail Tukhachevsky to quell the disturbance. They are seen marching in the streets. Next scene shows women looking amongst the fallen for their relatives. View of Leon Trotsky (Commander of the Red Army) walking with some of his staff. View of human remains. Brief view of Lenin. Trotsky writing at his desk. Narrator mentions the State Security Agency called "Cheka," being replaced by the Joint State Political Directorate (AKA OGPU). Narrator calls it the Political Police. Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov is seen walking with a group of Soviet workers and politicians ostensibly charged with overseeing the OGPU. Another scene shows Molotov conversing with Joseph Stalin (Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin). Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin stands to Stalin's left. views of Stalin. Lev Kamenev, a leader in Moscow City politics. Russian families on a train platform preparing to travel in box cars (to Siberia?). farmers harvesting grain in Russia. A woman shopkeeper cuts a loaf of bread in pieces and weighs them on a scale for sale to a customer. American foodstuffs provided as aid to Russia. Some of the American food being unloaded at a pier. American Relief Administration Chief, Herbert Hoover, standing at a port. Food being distributed to Russian citizens, and to children. Newspaper of March 14, 1923, announces the Lenin suffers a stroke. In January, 1924, a newspaper headline announces that "Lenin is dead." Lenin seen in coffin. Funeral cortege, including principal Soviet leaders, carries the coffin outdoors in falling snow. Spectators watch and others follow in the solemn funeral march. Narrator states that "Stalin,Zinoviev, and Kamenev force Trotsky into exile." Soviet citizens are seen at hard labor under new "Five year plans."
Communist demonstrations in Budapest and Russian invade Hungary at time of Hungarian Revolution.
In 1956, crowds of Hungarians walk peaceably in their Capital, Budapest, calling for establishment of their own style of communist rule. A woman waves a Hungarian flag from a window. A communist star is pulled down from atop a building. On October 24, 1956 Hungarian authorities crack down, with police supported by Russian troops from local garrison. Russian soldiers in T-34 tanks seen on city street. View of Russian soldiers leaving the area aboard a T-34 tank. Hungarians battling their police. View of Prime Minister,Imry Nagy, ascending steps of a government building. Narrator states that Nagy declares Hungary neutral in conflict between Soviet Union and the West. Soviet books and documents being burned. The next sequence shows Soviet T-34 tanks entering Hungary in force, on November 4, 1956. One is seen firing from a city street. Picture of Imre Nagy shown as Narrator says his execution was announced on June 17, 1958.
Czechoslovak coup with Communists coming to power; anti-Communist demonstrations in various European nations over 10 years
U.S. propaganda piece about threats by communists against various European countries. The Czechoslovak coup and demonstrations. Czech citizens moving on a street in Czechoslovakia during a strike forcing conservative elements to resign from the cabinet. Scenes of police brutality and beatings against strikers. Communists take over the police. Czech President Edvard Benes with conservative politicians in a government building. Huge crowd on a street. Police clashing with crowd. Czech Prime Minister Klement Gottwald with officials. President Edvard Benes, facing possible civil war or invasion by the Soviet Union, accepts a Communist cabinet. He is seen signing documents to that effect on February 25, 1948. Other officials beside President Benes during the signing. View of the first President of Czechoslovakia Tomas Masaryk's son, Jan Masaryk, who remained the Foreign Minister, and did not agree to the new government. Two days later Jan Masaryk is discovered dead. The body of Jan Masaryk in a coffin. Edvard Benes, who resigned in June 1948 after refusing to sign the communist constitution, is seen walking slowly outside the Parliament using a cane. A guard saluting Benes. View of the body of Edvard Benes, who died in September 1948, laying in a coffin. Mourning citizens offering flowers and cry. Officials bearing the coffin. Shift several years later to street strikes in East Germany in 1953. People during a strike and riot in Poland in 1956. Russian tanks moving on a street and Soviet soldiers are seen. Elevated view of panic and Polish citizens fleeing soldiers. October 1956: Student demonstrators on street in Budapest Hungary during the Hungarian Uprising of 1956. Soviet Russian red star is toppled by crowds from a building roof in a sign of defiance. Russian troops respond with tanks on the streets in Hungary. Crowd fights back. Russians retreat. Crowd overwhelms local police. Imre Nagy, Prime Minister of Hungary, ascends steps. Hungarian crowd on streets burn communist books and papers. Russian tanks invade Hungary to crush revolt. Tanks fire guns on Hungarian street. Imre Nagy's execution announced June 17, 1958.
Prisoners, charged barbed wire fencing and ashes of atrocity victims at Majdanek, Poland Concentration Camp in World War II
The liberated Nazi concentration camp in Majdanek, Poland (also known as Maidanek) during World War 2. Surviving prisoners inside the barb wired fences of the concentration camp, near time of liberation by Soviet Russian Allied forces. Tattooed prisoner number on chest of a victim prisoner. Evidence of Nazi atrocities: Main chimney of crematorium. Ashes of human corpses that were burned at the camp. A group of seated German SS soldier prison guards, now POW, after capture by Soviet forces. Soviet Russian officials examine the clues from the concentration camp. Close up views of electrical sources and parts powering the barbed wire enclosures. Warning signboard on the fences. Guard towers and electrically charged barbed wire fencing. German guard pro-Nazi graffiti carved on a wooden fence post. Aerial view of large number of barracks in the camp at Lublin Poland, also known as KL Lublin. Clip is part of Nuremberg Trials prosecution exhibits 228, 229.
End of World War II and signing of UN charter in San Francisco, United States
United States and Soviet Union soldiers celebrate their victory as world War 2 comes to an end in Germany. "Elbe Day": Soviet and American soldiers meet at the River Elbe on 25-26 April, 1945. View of Nazi swastika being blown up at Zeppelinfeld in Nuremberg Germany in 1945. Scenes of celebration in the streets of Paris with French civilians cheering American and French soldiers and celebrating the end of World War 2. French women kiss soldiers. Crowd gathered in Times Square in New York celebrating VE-Day (Victory in Europe Day). Foreign Ministers of fifty nations arrive at San Francisco to sign the United Nations Charter. United States President Harry S. Truman addresses the delegates at the closing ceremony of the conference on June 26, 1946. Ships bring American soldiers back home, including some wounded, after World War 2. Women and families on dock at harbor wave and smile at arriving troop ship with American soldiers returning home. Also seen are soldiers of other countries including Soviet Russian soldiers returning to their families at a train station, with smiling and tearful family reunions. Cemeteries with headstones honoring soldiers who died in the war. Military hardware being scrapped to make peacetime goods. Views of explosive charges being set and military aircraft being blown up for scrap. Piles of scrapped military vehicles. A woman in a factory organizes newly manufactured clothes irons. Workers in a factory perform final assembly on newly manufactured ovens and stoves for homes.
President Truman, Prime Minister Attlee, and Marshal Stalin meet at Potsdam
Soviet tanks and other military weapons being displayed at a parade in Moscow. Flags of Soviet Union, United States, and United Kingdom fly outside the site of the Potsdam conference. President Harry S. Truman of United States greeted by Andrei Vishinsky, along with British Prime Minister Clement Attlee. Charles Bohlen is seen. Truman shakes hands with Stalin. Attlee, Truman, and Stalin pose for picture. View of Soviet newsstand showing "New Times" publication in various languages, including English. Poster of Stalin at the newsstand.
