U.S. President Thomas Woodrow Wilson signs the declaration of war during World War I. U.S. ships sink after torpedo attacks. United States troops aboard a troop carrier ship bound tor France. Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Franklin D. Roosevelt. U.S. troops disembarking on docks in France. Navy ships being built in U.S. shipyard. Allied troops attack across no man's land. Allied rail gun firing. U.S.Soldiers fire howitzers. Smoke pours out of Allied biplane aircraft after being shot down. German troops fighting in trenches. A horse falls into a trench after being shot. Tanks in action. Tanks advance and fire. German machine gunners. German prisoners walk in a line. American troops in France celebrate the end of hostilities with the Armistice on the 11th hour of 11th day of 11th month, 1918. The American flag flies on a pole as a symbol of victory. Huge crowds of Americans celebrate in Manhattan, New York city, waving newspapers with headlines announcing German surrender. In 1919, President Wilson and General John (Black Jack) Pershing review victorious American troops marching in Chaumont, France (Pershing's headquarters). Franklin D. Roosevelt, Assistant Secretary of the Navy with Secretary of the Navy, Daniels, in France. U.S. troops board transport ships to return home after war. Returning U.S. Armies hold a victory parade in Manhattan, New York City, where they parade through a temporary Victory Arch constructed expressly for the purpose in Madison Square. Hydrogen balloons decorate the Arch. New York City mounted police monitor the crowds.
March 1917 revolution in Russia. Russians marching on the streets of Petrograd (now known as Saint Petersburg). A man throws Bolshevik leaflets at a passing tram. Men and women grab leaflets. More communist pamphlets and leaflets thrown at crowds. Crowds holding handwritten signs in Russian as they parade in the streets. Crowds waving their hats. Bolshevik men and women in uniform raise their swords. Russians with rifles and hats smiling. A Bolshevik soldier smashes a Russian Empire double headed eagle (Crest of the Royal Family) with the butt of his rifle from the facade of a building. Russian crowds gathered in a square.
A picture of Bernt Leuton, a resident of East Berlin East Germany, who fled to West Berlin West Germany. Border guards at the Communist side of Berlin in East Germany. View of Leuton on August 13, 1961 after being shot by an East German guard, after successfully swimming across the connecting canal. He is hauled out by West German guards. A map of the world. Narrator begins to trace history of Bernt Leuton's shooting by recounting prior events in history of Russia and Soviet Union. View of the Winter Palace of Czar Nicholas II, with the Czar and Czarina Alexandra standing on a balcony. Saint Petersburg, Russia on January 22nd , 1905 : Peasants and workers, with their leader Russian Orthodox Priest, Father Georgi Gapon, gathered outside the palace to deliver a petition to Czar Nicholas II. A number of the people carry banners. A picture of Czar Nicholas II. Reenactment of Czar's armed cossack cavalry dispersing the crowd, The words 'My autocracy will remain unchanged' issued by the Czar to which Father Gapon replies that they "no longer have a Czar." Picture of Father George Gapon. Picture of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, and moving images of Lenin speaking. The Czar Nicholas II and his wife, escorted by guards, moving on a path during a ceremony. The Czar mounting a horse and the guards saluting him. A picture of the Czar's wife and hemophiliac son. Picture of Russian mystic Grigori Rasputin, whose occult powers were believed to have kept the Czar's son alive.
Consequences of the St. Mihiel Offensive of World War I. A soldier walks amongst ruins in a street in France. Rubbled houses on both sides of the street. Front view of a big building. A deserted street with buildings on both sides. A man on horseback at the entrance of a rubbled building.
Consequences of the St. Mihiel Offensive of World War I. A rubbled structure along a road in France. A vehicle comes towards the building. Damaged and wrecked buildings. French officers ride their horses along a road.
Consequences of the St. Mihiel Offensive of World War I. Rubble and debris strewn around on the ground in France. Captured German equipment. A flag flutters at a supply depot. Bombs arranged in rows. A soldier puts on a combat vest.
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