Allied forces enter Rome after liberation from Nazi Germany in World War 2. United States soldiers walk as Italian women and men clap and cheer for them on the street (likely in the Prati district). Soldiers waving at the camera. Crowds watch a tank driving on the street. Cheering and smiling Italian men and women. Italian men and women sit on top of a moving tank with soldiers. People assembled in front of the Altar of the Fatherland (Altare della Patria), also known as the Victor Emmanuel II National Monument (Piazza Venezia, 00186 Roma RM, Italy), near the Capitoline Hill. Italians tear out a racist Nazi propaganda poster. Huge crowds enter the Vatican City through the Via di Porta Angelica. Clapping Italians. A tank with soldiers and crowds of Italians in front of the Altar of the Fatherland. Closer view of cheering Italians.
Pope John XXIII elevates new cardinals in Vatican City. In St. Peter's Basilica, Pope John XXIII being carried on the sedia gestatoria chair with large white ostrich fans (flabella). The Pope is placed on a raised platform. The Archbishop of Tokyo, Cardinal Peter Tatsuo Doi, is elevated as the first Japanese cardinal in history. Cardinal Doi receives the Pope’s blessing. Pope John XXIII elevates Archbishop Laurean Rugambwa of Tanganyika (now known as Tanzania) as the first modern native African Cardinal. The new cardinals bend their head towards the altar.
Allied bombing of Monte Cassino, Italy during World War II. Views of the Abbey of Monte Cassino. German officers talk to Abbot Gregoria Di Mare. Treasures from the abbey are hauled to Rome. Church authorities accept a receipt from German officials. Allied airplanes bomb the abbey. Smoke rises from explosions. Abbot Mare flees to Vatican City with a German escort. Refugees search the ruins of bombed Castel Gandolfo.
Pope Pius XII imparts blessing at Saint Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. View of Saint Peter's Basilica and Saint Peter’s Square (Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano, Vatican City). Cars parked outside Saint Peter's Basilica. People walk in a street. Pope Pius XII greets many cardinals, bishops, priests, and officials. Pope Pius XII shake hands with cardinals. Some priests kiss the pope’s ring. Views of the Papal throne. The pope walks towards his throne and takes his seat. Pope Pius XII speaks briefly and stands to bless the assembly.
Papal Swiss Guards commemorate the anniversary of the defense of Leonine City in the Yard of the Belvedere in Vatican City. Swiss Guards in metal armor march with halberds. A Swiss Guard with a flag leads the march. General staff of the Vatican Army present at the ceremony.
A crowd of nearly 250,000 people gather at St. Peter's Square in Vatican City. Giovanni Cardinal Montini of Milan is elected as Pope Paul VI, following the death of Pope John XXIII. Pope Paul VI blesses the crowds while carried on the sedia gestatoria chair. Two large white ostrich fans (flabella) are carried at either side of the sedia gestatoria. A procession of priests follows the Pope. Papal Swiss Guards in full armor flank the procession. Priests carrying the Papal miters inside Saint Peter’s Basilica. From the Vatican Palace the procession moves through the Square to an altar erected on the steps of St. Peter's. Dignitaries are seated to watch the papal coronation. The ceremonies are held outdoors. Pope Paul VI celebrates a Pontifical Mass and then is crowned with the papal triple tiara made by the people of Milan. He promises to carry on the work of Pope John XXIII. Pope Paul VI imparts his first Apostolic Blessing.
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