U.S. Army General Mark Wayne Clark and General Lucian Truscott in a Jeep, following the liberation of Rome by the American 5th Army during World War 2. American soldier salutes to arriving vehicles near a gate. Allied military officials exit a door, followed by Papal Swiss Guards (wearing the distinctive renaissance-style full dress uniform) with halberds. General Clark and General Truscott visit the Vatican City. A cardinal accompanies the two U.S. generals. General Clark salutes and talks to the civilians. U.S. soldiers speak with a Swiss Guard (in regular duty service dress uniform). Crowds of Italian civilians seen smiling and cheering in Via del Corso, near the Victor Emmanuel II Monument (Altare della Patria Piazza Venezia, 00186 Roma RM, Italy). Man walking up to Piazza del Campidoglio, the Senatorial Palace (Piazza del Campidoglio, 00186 Roma RM, Italy) is seen. Close-up views of smiling Italian men, women, and children.
A delegation of Boston civic dignitaries during a weeklong goodwill tour of Rome, Italy. 60-member delegation of the goodwill tour along with their families at the St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City (Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano, Vatican City). Pope Pius XII blesses the children. Mayor John B. Hynes of Boston speaks to the Pope. The Pope speaks to the members of the delegation.
The third anniversary of the signing of the Lateran Treaty in Rome, Italy. Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini arrives at St. Peter's Basilica to meet Pope Pius XI (Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano, Vatican City). An official party accompanied by Corazzieri (Carabinieri mounted division) escorts arrives. Mussolini gets off from a staff car. The flag of Vatican City is hoisted outside a building. Papal Swiss guards in colorful uniform accompany the officials down the Raphael Galleries to meet Pope Pius XI. Church bells ringing. Mussolini leaves after meeting the Pope as crowds cheer.
A film on Pope Pius XII blessing the U.S. troops after liberation of Rome during World War II. Visitors strolling in St. Peter’s Square (Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano, Vatican City). View of St. Peter’s Basilica. Pope Pius XII seated on ceremonial throne and shaking hands with the soldiers around him. Pope Pius XII is being carried on a sedia gestatoria by sediari. The Pope blesses the soldiers as he passes them. The Pope seated on the throne and the priests standing on either side. Pope Pius XII delivers a speech in English. The soldiers listening to the Pope. The Pope blesses the men. Pope Pius XII seated on the throne being taken through the men gathering around.
The meeting of Pope John XXIII, Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church, and Shah of Iran Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in Vatican City, Italy. View of the St. Peter’s Basilica (Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano, Vatican City) from St. Peter’s Square. Shah of Iran Mohammad Reza Pahlavi walks out from his car. The Shah and other dignitaries salute at the honor guards lined up outside the building. The guards hold flags, guns, and swords. The Shah enters the building. Vatican Swiss Guards accompany the Shah of Iran to meet the Pope. The Shah of Iran meets Pope John XXIII. Other dignitaries and officials also greet Pope John XXIII.
Pope John XXIII presides over final meeting of the First Session of the twenty-first Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church at St. Peter's Basilica (Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano, Vatican City) in the Vatican City. Two thousand cardinals, bishops, and other prelates of the Roman Catholic Church are in attendance. The altar with Bernini's baldacchino stands in the middle of the meeting. The Council granted Bishops more authority regarding the use of modern languages in the liturgy of the church. The Pope is quoted as saying He has "heard the voice of the whole Catholic World." Attendees are seen leaving St. Peter's after the end of the session. (Note: This was one of the activities undertaken during The Second Vatican Council, also known as “Vatican II," which focused on relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the modern world.)
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