President Richard Nixon gives a speech on the economy from the White House in the United States. Nixon addresses the nation on the need to create more jobs, stop the rise in the cost of living, control price inflation, relieve economic stagnation, and control speculation. He announces the Job Development Act of 1971. He talks of eliminating excise taxes on automobiles and speeding up availability of some exemptions in personal income taxes. He charges Congress to introduce incentives for research and development. He orders federal spending cuts including a postponement of pay raises, a 5 percent cut in government personnel, and a 10 percent cut in foreign economic aid. He notes need to open ways for the young people entering job markets. Nixon orders a freeze on all prices and all wages in the United States for 90 days, and he calls on corporations to extend the freeze to dividends. He announces a Cost of Living committee within the government. He calls for voluntary cooperation of all Americans to control price increases after the 90 day period ends. He talks of the need to protect the strength of the American dollar and prevent international money speculation. He announces that the dollar will be defended. He announces the suspension of the convertibility of the dollar to gold, except in certain circumstances. (Later this speech was called the Nixon Shock and also the speech closing the gold window.) He says he wants to "lay to rest the bugaboo of what is called devaluation." He states the goal is stability in the dollar. Regarding trade balances, he announces a temporary 10 percent tax increase on goods imported into the United States, valid until unfair exchange rates are eliminated. He reflects on success of post World War 2 relief measures offered by the U.S. to foreign countries, increased competition with those nations, and need for less U.S. relief to them. He asks the public of America to work together to crush unemployment and economic problems.
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