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Strikes, hyperinflation, and food shortages in Germany. Germans march with shovels and Hitler launches Kraft durch Freude ship.
Scenes in Germany in 1920s and 1930s. Changes in Germany during Adolf Hitler's leadership. Workers on strike. Workers sitting with no work. Hyperinflation during the Weimar Republic 1921-1923 after World War I. Money, drafts and notes with huge values seen due to inflation. Woman buying from vendor with large prices posted. Band musicians playing jazz music, people dancing as inflation becomes uncontrollable. Men are given shovels to march with by Nazi official (likely early Reich Labor Service or RAD of NSDAP). Adolf Hitler speaks to a crowd about rebuilding of Germany. The launch of several ships. First is seen the launch of luxury ocean liner Wilhelm Gustloff in 1937, with Hitler present on a podium. (The MV Gustloff was the first ship built specifically for the German Labor Front’s Kraft durch Freude (“Strength Through Joy” program.) German officials give Nazi salutes. German flags on the ship.
Actions of Axis and Allied powers on brink of World War II in period 1937-1939.
Japanese troops parade for Emperor Hirohito, mounted upon a white horse. Italian troops goosestep and German troops goosestep on parade. View of an Austrian town with snow-covered Alps mountains in background as German troops enter Austria on March 13, 1938 during the Anschluss. Local citizens welcome them, displaying swastika flags and giving Nazi straight arm salutes. Troops, military vehicles, tanks, motorcycles, and horse-drawn artillery comprise the German invading force. Shifts to Spain, where war torn buildings reflect effects of German and Italian intervention during the Spanish Civil War. A donkey standing near field artillery piece. Artillery being fired from an urban park in Spain. Artilleryman using a range finder. German gun crew with heavy artillery piece. Soldiers wearing Adrian steel helmets, firing a two-wheeled water-cooled machine gun. Spanish carrying wounded on stretcher. Spanish civilians inadvertently slain during civil war conflict. Starving dog walking in street. Huge poster of Francisco Franco and view of him on reviewing stand saluting marching Nationalist troops. Repeat of Hirohito reviewing troops and Italian and German troops goosestep. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini stand together in open car heading to Fuhrerbau in Munich, Germany, for signing of Agreement between Germany, Italy, Britain, and France in 1938. Neville Chamberlain, and Edouard Daladier riding in car to Fuhrerbau. Views of the principals signing the accords. First is Adolf Hitler, followed by Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, Benito Mussolini, and Edouard Daladier. After the signing, the principals, plus Hermann Goering, mingle and converse. Change of scene to nighttime in Rome, Italy, where Benito Mussolini addresses a huge throng gathered near the Victor Emmanuel Memorial to cheer him after his return from Munich. Next, German troops are seen entering Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) greeted by joyous ethnic German inhabitants. Banners are stretched across a street. One gives thanks to the Fuhrer. Several scenes of cheering population. A woman strews flowers in a roadway. Hitler arrives, standing in an open car, and is met with cheers of adulation. A military brass band plays from the open beds of two moving army trucks. Signpost points to Prag (Prague), Eger (Cheb), Joachimstal (Jáchymov), and Komotau (Chomutov) after German annexation. Scene shifts to Prague, where German troops are seen occupying the city. High ranking German officers in a car are seen coming through the gateway from the Court d´honneur of the Prague Castle into the Hradčany Square. The next sequence shows an Italian Freccia-Class destroyer in the Albanian Port of Durrës. An Italian L3/35 Tankette is driven off a large cargo ship. Italian troops on bicycles ride in a city street. A German 88mm antiaircraft (flak) gun is shown, mounted at a fort overlooking a river and city. Final scene shows Adolf Hitler addressing a meeting of the Bundestag in the Kroll Opera House (alternate meeting place after burning of the Reichstag). He reads, contemptuously from an April 14, 1939 letter sent to him by U.S. President Roosevelt, asking him to give "assurance that your armed forces will not attack or invade the territory or possessions of the following independent nations: Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, The Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain and Ireland, France, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Poland, Hungary, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Russia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Iraq, the Arabias, Syria, Palestine, Egypt and Iran." As Hitler reads through the litany of nations, the Bundestag erupts in laughter.
Montage of scenes from immediate Post-World War I Germany and into the 1930s
A crowd of Gernan civilians is seen gathered in front of the Alte Nationalgalerie in Berlin, Germany. Glimpses of Leaders, of the German Communist Spartacus League, including Rosa Luxemburg. Scenes of unrest during the Spartacist uprising (Spartakusaufstand) in January, 1919. Scenes of post-World War poverty, hardship and deprivation for German citizens during time of hyperinflation, with German people shown living in improvised housing, cooking outdoors, scavenging for coal. A sign is displayed for the Winterhilfswerk (WHW) Winter Relief program run in the 1930s by the Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt (National Socialist People's Welfare). It states its aim against Hunger and Cold (Gegen Hunger u Kalte). Uniformed persons with swastika arm bands, including Joseph Goebbels, and Hermann Goering, of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party), are seen surrounded by enthusiastic German citizens. Closeup of hot meal being dispensed and people eating. A sign in the background refers to the People's Welfare Program. People gathered in an outdoor food dispensing station, under a banner reading: "Berlin isst heute sein eintopfgericht" (Berlin is eating its stew today). Another glimpse of hot food being ladled into a dish. Adolf Hitler stands and gives a haranguing speech from a table where Nazi party members are seated. A banner on the front of a steam locomotive announces Winter Aid donation related to East Hannover (Winterhilfe Spende gau Ost-Hannover). Another sign refers to the 1936-1937 Winter Relief program (WHW) donation related to East Hannover (Gau Ost-Hannover Gifhorn W.H.W. Spende). Railroad train box cars are seen transporting contributions, from various places in Germany, to the program.
Remilitarized Germany crosses Rhine in violation of Treaty of Versailles; annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia by Germany.
Scenes from Nuremberg Trials, including footage of prior events being discussed in the trials. Nazi officer reads an announcement to Hilter and Nazi leadership confirming the March 7, 1936 occupation and remilitarization of the Rhineland by the German Army, and the loyalty of the German Army. German Army rally and parade is held in Nuremberg. Soldiers march and goosestep, along with Nazi leadership such as Hermann Goering, while Hitler speaks assuring peaceful intentions by Germany. German officials Goering, Rader, and von Neurath arrive at special meeting with Hitler and Generals von Blomberg and von Fritsch in November 1937 to plan conquer of Czechoslovakia and Austria. Tall meeting chamber doors under armed guard. Scenes from February 1938 Berchtesgaden meeting arranged by von Papen with Austrian Chancellor Schuschnigg, Hitler, Keitel, and von Ribbentrop walking on grounds. Car approaches Berghof. Guido Schmidt, former foreign minister of Austria seen at the meeting, and then seen on stand testifying at Nuremberg trials concerning Hitler's decision to annex Austria. Scenes of German troops marching and a night-time rally parade in Austria. View of Schuschnigg on March 9, 1938 at podium during meeting announcing a plebiscite vote on Austrian independence. Views of German newspaper headlines denouncing the plebiscite and demanding Schuschnigg's resignation. Crowd surrounds new Chancellor Arthur von Seyss-Inquart with Nazi salutes following Schuschnigg's resignation. Next is scenes of March 12, 1938 German Anschluss annexation of Austria. Initial German forces seen meeting some resistance by Austrian citizens. Germany army rolling into Austria and dismantling border gates. Hitler memo announces intent to annex Czechoslovakia. Operation Green leader Konrad Henlein seen walking in parade with officials. Scenes of Munich Pact signing ceremony. Czech President Hacha walks with Nazi leaders and enters car for meeting to hear German ultimatum. Map shows lands grabbed by German
U.S. Military experts evaluate the Spanish Civil War and militarization of fascist Italy and Germany under Mussolini and Hitler.
Documentary titled the "'Rehearsal of War." Film begins showing shells bursting in hills as a soldier runs for cover in foreground. Next, a Republican Soldier helps a wounded comrade walking along a road. More views of combat in Spain. View of the State, War, and Navy Building in Washington, DC. Sign over a doorway reading: "Chief of Staff." Inside, General Malin Craig, in civilian clothes, flanked by two officials, examines a report entitled, "Analysis of the "Brihuega Campaign." The document also reads: "Guadalajara Front." and is dated 3/27/1937. A document (Classified "Confidential") is shown that discusses the capabilities of the French 20mm Moteur canon firing 300-400 shots per minute with explosive shells.Glimpse of an Army officer's hand marking a map in a book. On his table is a book entitled,"Two World's in Conflict, We or They." Flags of Germany and Italy are seen. Closeup of Benito Mussolini in arms-crossed pose. Italian crowd cheering. View of Adolf Hitler standing with Marshal Hermann Goering, German Army Chief of Staff, Werner von Fritsch, and Rudolf Hess (just barely seen). Animated map of Europe shows Germany and Italy with desired expansion of both. Mussolini walks with military officers past a large Italian trimotor transport aircraft. A field filled with Italian light tanks armed with one small gun each. Each is crewed by one man. A parade of German Sd.Kfz.7 halftrack transporters filled with troops and each pulling an 88mm Flak gun on a Sonderanhänger 201 trailer. Brief view of formation of high wing monoplanes with fixed landing gears, flying overhead. German troops in realistic field exercise of infantry and Panzer I Ausf. A tanks. Closeup of tank with troops. Flame throwing tanks firing in a desert area. Adolf Hitler addressing an audience, finishes with a half-hearted Nazi salute. U.S. Military officers discuss Axis blitzkrieg tactics charting reports from the Spanish campaign on maps. View of Saint Jean de Luz, France, where U.S. Ambassador to Spain, Claude Bowers, is seen on the telephone at the Miramar Hotel where he has taken temporary refuge. Final scenes show a 4-stacker U.S. Navy warship patrolling in Spanish waters and the Captain and officers inside aboard ship reviewing maps and positions.
Repair of wrecked railroads, power plants, factories and coal mines at Ruhr Valley in Germany after World War II.
Wrecked railroads, Coal mines, power plants and factories being rebuilt and rehabilitated in Germany after World War 2. Railroad trains moving on tracks in Germany soon after World War 2. German civilian workers repair rails and tracks destroyed by Allied bombers. German workers in a tire factory build railway and automobile tires, in Munich. Trucks manufactured at a truck factory drive out of the factory. People lined to see some of the items produced for export. British occupied Ruhr Valley. Wrecked Krupp factories in Ruhr Valley. A German steel smelting plant in operation, workers pour molten steel. Coal cars leave Ruhr Valley. Animated charts show production and export of coal during 1937 and 1946. German miners enter and leave mines. Miners eat and take half of their food out to German children.