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Europe 1935 stock footage and images
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The 1930s Great Depression and the administrations of Presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt, in the United States
Hard times in the Great Depression led to formation of The Bonus Army. American veterans of World War 1 march on streets of Washington DC, carrying a large poster demanding immediate cash redemption their "bonus" service certificates awarded by Congress in 1924 (but not lawfully payable until 1945). Army Chief of Staff, General Douglas MacArthur, ordered by President Hoover, to clear the Bonus Army encampments, is seen standing in a street surrounded by several U.S. Army troops. People watch from sidewalks as a contingent of U.S. Army cavalry rides down the street. U.S. Army M-1917 tanks roll down Pennsylvania Avenue in July 1932. Bonus marchers and others watch from Lafayette Park in background. Scene shifts to the 1932 Democratic Party Convention in Chicago Stadium, Chicago, where delegates cheer after nominating Franklin D. Roosevelt as their Presidential candidate. Roosevelt seen waving from the podium. Migrant farm workers seen at temporary, dilapidated dwellings in close quarters, and sitting at a campfire, some with sad and desperate faces. Migrant farm workers' cars on the road, piled high with family belongings during westward migration. Migrants riding atop an open railroad freight car. Two men share a copy of the "Epic News" newspaper (published by supporters of Upton Sinclair and the End Poverty Movement in Los Angeles and central California). Narrator describes programs of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). Construction workers ignite demolition charges during construction of Boulder Dam (aka Hoover Dam and officially so-named in 1947). Glimpse of President Roosevelt at the site in an open car, for its dedication on September 30, 1935. Construction workers engaged in building the dam. Another shot of President Roosevelt in his open car. Towers being erected to carry electric power from the dam's hydroelectric generators. President Franklin D. Roosevelt smiling broadly at the formal dedication ceremony, September 30, 1935. Controlled discharges of water through the dam. Views of the Boulder Dam hydroelectric generating station. Oil well rigs or oil derricks at work during construction at night. People at work in fabric mills or textile mills, and in a print shop
Growth of the German Nazi party and military might (German remilitarization) during the 1930s leading up to World War II
Nazi rally in Nuremberg, Germany ca.1934. Massed Storm troopers and spectators salute Hitler.An artillery piece is fired. Hitler personally recognizing loyal Storm troopers. Animated map of Asia, showing Japanese occupation of Manchuria, and Italian occupation of Ethiopia. Newspaper headlines describe Britain and France hesitating to support League of Nations oil sanctions against Italy; and U.S. increasing its oil exports to Italy by 600% (ca. 1935). Hitler and Hermann Goering looking pleased in Hitler's private railroad car. Adolf Hitler at a planning table covered with maps. German citizens traveling abroad and Joachim von Ribbentrop visiting London, as ambassador to Great Britain, in 1936. View of Léon Degrelle and his Catholic-fascist, Rexist party in Belgium (ca. 1936). View of Colonel Francois de la Rocque speaking at a Cross of Fire (Croix-de-Feu) party night rally in France.Konrad Henlein,leader of the Sudeten German Party in Czechoslovakia. Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian National Socialist official, seen in an automobile during a parade. Sir Oswald Ernald Mosley, addressing followers and defending Hitler. Street scenes of public disorder attributed to Nazi sympathizers in France and Belgium. Mass meeting of the German American Bund in Madison Square Garden, New York City,1939. U.S. flags and picture of George Washington decorate stage. Fritz Julius Kuhn addresses the gathering and members rough up a protester. Views of heavy industry in Germany, especially steel manufacturing for remilitarization. Persons working at a German concentration camp. Dramatized execution by machine gun. View of Heinrich Himmler. German President Paul von Hindenburg. German national conscription of 1935. German youth training pilots with gliders. German paratroopers, Junkers 52 aircraft, soldiers goosestep, tanks. Ju 87 Stuka plane. German invasion of Rhineland, 1936. Construction of Siegfried Line. Antitank barriers, bunkers, dragons teeth. Hitler visiting Westwall. German military parade.
Idle children in Germany before Hitler's rise to power; Adolf Hitler speaks to a crowded stadium in Germany.
Changes in Germany before during Adolf Hitler's leadership. View of German youth idle and in poor slum housing areas during great depression years of hyperinflation between the wars, and before Hitler's rise to power. German boy children stand outside their houses and are seen idle. They run in an abandoned warehouse. Scene shifts to Hitler youth marching in front of a camp in 1935, holding Nazi flags. Adolf Hitler speaks to a crowd in an outdoor mass meeting (likely 7th Party Congress in September 1935). A large crowd assembles at a stadium. Sign for a Adolf Hitler Jugendherberge (youth hostel). Girls and young women of Hitler youth dance in pairs in traditional German clothing. Tents in the background for the girls camping. Views of a boys encampment for Hitler Youth with tents in the background. Boys in uniform gathering in camp, shining shoes, and working. Children work seated on ground. Workers enter industrial factories. Young men working in a factory producing goods in Germany using machines. Young men of the Reich Labour Service (Reichsarbeitsdienst or RAD) march in formation carrying shovels.
Troops of the U.S. 1st, 3rd, 7th and 9th Infantry Divisions assault German Cities in Saar Basin during World War 2.
Troops of the U.S. 1st, 3rd, 7th and 9th Infantry Divisions assault cities in the Saar Basin, including Zweibruecken, Saarbruecken, Remagen, Bad Godesberg, and Bonn, during World War II. They attack the cities with tanks and rocket launchers mounted on top of tanks. U.S. Army soldiers of the 3rd Division enter the ruined city of Zweibrücken. U.S. Army 3rd Division commander Major General John O'Daniel ("Iron Mike") is seen discussing strategy with officers and soldiers. The troops of the 7th Division of the 7th Army moving forward into devastated and bombed Saarbrücken. A group of captured German soldier prisoners of war is shown in Saarbrücken. Wreckage of plaque mounted on Rathaus St. Johann (city hall) in Saarbrücken commemorating the Saar plebiscite and Saar status referendum results of 1935 which was announced by Hitler at the Rathaus St. Johann (Rathauspl. 1, 66111 Saarbrücken, Germany) in 1935. Army vehicles crossing the Rhine on pontoon bridge at Remagen. U.S. Army forces entering Bad Godesberg, where citizens are seen waving white flags of surrender from windows in the town. German civilians in Bad Godesberg read a poster on a building wall giving instructions from the Allied Military Government. German citizens with weapons stand in a line to turn-in the weapons, by order of the Allies. Scenes in Bonn, where the 1st Division of the 1st Army drives to the wreckage of the bridge at Bonn over the Rhine River. Views of the largely destroyed bridge at Bonn. American Army forces guard captured German military prisoners of war in area of Bonn. Views of captured German POW in uniform.
The flood of immigrants from Europe to America from 1870 to 1910. Traveling experiences of immigrants are depicted.
Contains mix of vintage still images, 1970s interview footage, and a small amount of vintage film footage. Images of an old signs, in Europe, advertising land and promoting the virtues of various of the United states, including: Iowa, Nebraska, California, Kansas, and Dakota. One says "room for millions of immigrants." One cites "free homes." One contains a cartoon image of a grim "old World,"opposite a smiling "New World." Poster for steamship line, Norddeutscher Lloyd, of Bremen. Poster for railroad company. Poster for steamships from Liverpool to New York citing fares from 12 to 30 pounds sterling for "Saloon Passage"; 8 to 10 pounds for Second cabins; and 4 pounds for steerage passage. A Polish publication expressing concern over the "epidemic" of immigration to America. Articles calling for measures to restrict this immigration. Documents in cyrillic that narrator describes as mail from America that Russian officials censor. Samples of letters to relatives back home, from immigrants in America, enclosing steamship tickets, railroad tickets, and the like, that the narrator states "never arrived." Animated map showing the flow of immigrants from interior of Europe to ports of Hamburg, Bremen, and Rotterdam, noting that Hull and Liverpool also prospered on immigrant trade. Note on map states that between 1870 and 1880, two and three quarters of a million American immigrants came from Europe and by 1890, five and a quarter million more had crossed the Atlantic. View of immigrants waiting to be processed by government officials before departure at a port in Europe. People crowded in a long line outside, waiting to enter the office. Views of shanties in a town. A woman is seen describing immigrants' circumstances. Pictures of men women and children traveling by horse-drawn wagons. Actual vintage moving image footage of an old railroad steam locomotive pulling a passenger train into a European train station area circa 1900-1910. View of train station at a European port city. Huge number of people from all over Europe, standing in the courtyard of a train station. A man is seen describing these people as like "coming from another world." A barracks-like housing arrangement for immigrants waiting to pass health screening by the steamship companies, which included carefully examining their hair. A woman who experienced this described her embarrassment at the health examinations.
Scenes aboard ocean liner SS Manhattan: Ambassador William Dodd interviewed in 1938 and passengers fleeing war in Europe in 1939.
A large number of passengers aboard the ocean liner SS Manhattan (later USS Wakefield) in the United States. Scene from January 10,1938 as the USS Manhattan returns from her Europe trip. A large number of passengers aboard the ship. U.S. Ambassador to Nazi Germany, William E. Dodd, is interviewed by media persons about his Europe trip. He declares that living in Europe at the time is discouraging and there is crisis in Europe as German Nazism and Fascism are gaining ground everywhere. In next shot, from 1939, the ship is underway and arriving at New York Harbor on September 30, 1939, carrying 1837 persons, its largest passenger count ever. The passengers include many Americans from overseas fleeing war-torn Europe early in World War 2. A sign on the ship: 'Manhattan United States Lines'. The passengers in mass numbers at a harbor. The Statue of Liberty in the background.
