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Brutalities against prisoners, officials gathered in 1949 in Palace of Nations for Third Geneva Convention; discussion of Geneva Conventions.
Film from 1965 shows scenes that span from early 1940s through mid 1960s. Film opens showing armed conflict in Laos and South America. Soldiers firing rifles in jungle areas. Armed men running across a field and in a town in Cyprus. Heavy armor engaged in conflict and buildings burning in undisclosed location. Riots in Congo with a crowd of men beating another man. Armed Republic of South Vietnam soldiers (ARVN) moving through jungle in Vietnam War. A Viet Cong fighter shot as ARVN troops attack a hut. People fleeing in streets of Cuba as government soldiers engage armed revolutionaries under Castro. A civilian woman suffering a seizure as Red Cross workers attempt to carry her. Burned body of dead tank crew soldier atop a tank. Medical corps persons moving wounded on a stretcher. Various views of ARVN with captured Viet Cong in Vietnam. Narrator discussion about Geneva Conventions and Counterinsurgency. View of the Palace of Nations building in Geneva Switzerland. Scene shifts to inside, in 1949, where delegates of 59 nations are gathered to develop new rules expanding the original 1929 Geneva Conventions, in order to better protect prisoners of war, wounded prisoners, noncombatants and others caught up such internal conflicts. View from ground of German paratroopers during World War 2, jumping from Junkers Ju-52 trimotor transport planes. Closeup of German soldiers leaping from a plane and descending in parachutes. Japanese soldiers surrendering to Americans on a Pacific Island in World War 2. Several scenes of massacre victims lying on the ground, victims of Nazi German brutality in Europe during World War II. Survivors of a Nazi concentration camp near the time of its liberation in 1945. A U.S. Army medical corpsmen help one to a stretcher. Executed prisoners of war. Courtroom of the Nuremberg trials. Seen in the front row of Nazi leaders are: Hermann Göring, Rudolf Hess, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Wilhelm Keitel, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Alfred Rosenberg, Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, and Julius Streicher. Seated behind them are: Karl Dönitz, Erich Raeder, Baldur von Schirach, Fritz Sauckel, Alfred Jodl, Franz von Papen, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Albert Speer, and Konstantin von Neurath. Scene shifts to the postwar trial of Japanese Lieutenant General Masaharu Homma, in the Philippines. Prisoners with hands bound, in an unidentified Asian conflict, being herded into an open truck. Views of the document constituting the 3rd Geneva Convention of 1949, addressing treatment of prisoners and of parts directed to "conflicts not of an international character." Views of a traumatized civilian driver wounded and a female passenger killed in in his car (appears to be in Cuba or Latin America). Armed gunmen have the man leave the car. A man lays the body of the woman beside the car. Scene shifts to a group of surrendered Vietcong fighters with their weapons stacked. Wounded combatants being carried on stretchers. American survivors of a Japanese prison camp receiving a good meal after being rescued - this is possibly in the Philippines in 1945. Many of the American prisoners are gaunt and emaciated and malnourished. Narrator recites list of activities prohibited by Geneva conventions, as images show these activities: A ditch filled with victims of massacre. Hostages being taken in an internal conflict in an African country. Prisoners being beaten by non-uniformed civilians in and humiliated in public. A recently liberated prison with a former prisoner in striped uniform beating a man as a group is marched away (likely a World War 2 concentration camp with a liberated prisoner beating a former Nazi guard). Death sentences being rendered without due process. A court in Cuba. A boy pointing at a lineup of prisoners. A prisoner shot.
Atomic bomb scenes WWII; atomic testing at U.S. Army atomic experiment station 'Camp Desert Rock' in Nevada, United States
Episode of "The Big Picture", a U.S. Army series of news release programs. U.S. Army cameraman recording Nike missile launch. Atomic cannon fires shell creating atomic explosion and classic mushroom cloud.. Army troops spill out of Sikorsky YH-19 helicopters. U.S. Army infantry soldiers ascend hill firing their rifles. Atomic experiments at Camp Desert Rock in Nevada, United States. U.S. Army Master Sergeant Stuart Queen seated at a desk in his office. He speaks about a series of atomic experiments ("Desert Rock 6") held in barren lands of Nevada at Camp Desert Rock. Celebrating victory in Europe, during World War 2, American troops parade down the Champs Elysees in Paris, France, with the Arc de Triomphe behind them. Happy Parisians watch the parade. War scenes in Japan: footage of explosion and mushroom cloud rising after atomic bomb blast over Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Barren land on the ground in Hiroshima after the August 6, 1945 atomic blast there . B-29 bombers in flight. Atomic bomb test detonation. Atomic artillery gun M65, also called the Atomic Cannon or Atomic Annie, fires and creates nuclear explosion on distant target.Viking missile launch. U.S. soldiers on parade. Headquarters sign at U.S. Army atomic experiment station at Camp Desert Rock, Nevada, displaying 6-pointed star with "A" in center.. Several atomic test explosions. Soldiers on hillside witness a non-nuclear explosion. Buses carry troops along a road past a sign warning of radiation hazard. Army captain, instructor, briefing troops before the start of atomic maneuvers.. Maps of planned maneuvers. Engineer surveyors lay out ground zero target. View of the ground zero area which is the target area for testing. Signal men lay communication lines to receive and transmit teletype messages. Men operate machinery and dig trenches in which troops will take cover. Other men cover them with sand. [Note: According to the U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian, from February 18 to May 15, 1955, the United States conducted Operation Teapot, a nuclear test series at Yucca Flat and Frenchman Flat on the Nevada Test Site in the continental United States. During the test period 14 nuclear shots and 1 non-nuclear shot were detonated. Several thousand scientific, military (army, air force, navy, marines), and civilian contract personnel participated in the organization, planning, and execution of the test series. Military exercises undertaken during and following the shots took place under the name Desert Rock 6.]
Activities of Eleanor Roosevelt in post-World War II period
December, 1945, former First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt, now appointed by President Truman, as a delegate to the United Nations, is seen with other members of the U.S. Delegation. She is seen speaking while serving as chairman of the UN Committee Three, dealing with human rights. She recognizes the delegate from the Soviet Union, as the committee addresses issues of refugees. (The USSR insists that displaced persons be returned to their original homelands.) As chairman, Mrs. Roosevelt, rules a USSR proposal out of order, causing the USSR representatives to leave the room. A glimpse of Eleanor Roosevelt at a microphone during debate over the issue with the USSR, before the full General Assembly, where she successfully argues to allow refugees to make their own decisions about repratriation. She is seen sitting next to delegate,Senator Arthur Vandenburg, at the forum. Eleanor Roosevelt being greeted by U.S. Army officers as she steps from an airplane in Europe. She is seen mingling with persons in Europe, displaced by World War II. Back in the UN forum, she extols the International Declaration of Human Rights as an "International Magna Carta of men everywhere," and goes on to compare it with similar charters of history. She is seen at a Pan American World Airways terminal, preparing to board a flying boat (unseen). Several scenes show Eleanor Roosevelt visiting with people in various parts of the world, with particular attention to children. She speaks of her candid nature in a broadcast.
End of World War 2 in Germany, with Allied forces advancing in Germany; destruction of German areas and German forces surrender
American Troops occupying Germany in 1945, near the end of World War II in Europe. Ruins of German cities. White flags displayed from windows. German civilians distraught over destruction of their homes and towns. Towns ablaze in the night with ambulances passing through. Scenes of utter destruction in Basel, and Wurtzburg. Destruction of Essen, Germany, including the Krupp munitions works. German ME-109 plane by the roadside.A truck passes by. Abandoned Marder II Panzerjaeger in the woods. Bombed columns of German soldiers, with equipment and dead German soldiers along roadways. Massive groups of German soldiers surrendering under guard of Allied forces.
U.S. Army officer identifies remains of American soldiers killed in final days of World War II, in Hilden, Germany.
A U.S. Army Captain examines bodies of American soldiers of the 46th Tank Battalion, 13th Armored Division, killed when their Sherman M4 tank was struck by panzerfaust anti-tank weapons and 20mm fire, on April 17, 1945, in the final days of World War 2, in Europe. The wrecked tank and human remains are seen at the intersection of Ellerstraße & Hülsenstraße, in Hilden Germany. Closeup of the Captain looking closely at the dog tags of one dead soldier. Next, he is seen checking the dog tags of other dead tank crew members, as local German townspeople watch from nearby. He and another officer cover the bodies with a large tarpaulin.
Bombing of rail roads in Bremen by United States B-17 bombers and atom bomb testing during WWII
United States Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bomber drops bombs on railway tracks in Bremen, Germany during World War II. Bombs making an impact. Low-level strafing and bombing of targets in Europe by low flying U.S. Army Air Force aircraft during World War 2. Bridge is struck by bomb. Explosions on other targets. Separate unrelated shot of United States conducting an early Atomic bomb test (Trinity test is shown on July 16, 1945. The first detonation of a nuclear device). Nuclear explosion and mushroom cloud is seen.