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Various scenes of Soviet Forces headed toward the Eastern front and engaging German forces in counter attacks (WW2)
Film opens showing heavy artillery firing at nighttime. Marshal of the Soviet Union, and Chief of the Soviet General Staff, Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Vasilevsky, is seen alone in a room, reviewing a map. He uses a pair of dividers to make a measurement. Next, antiaircraft guns fire at night, as many searchlights point up in the night sky. A view of the Kremlin. A formation of Cossack cavalry crossing a bridge in winter. Snow on the bridge and surrounding area. A formation of soviet troops,dressed in cold weather gear, marches single-file across snow and ice. Soviet Army tractors towing 152mm howitzer field guns on a snowy road. A contingent of Soviet soldiers, in white helmets, marching toward the front, in the snow, followed by some horse-drawn equipment on sleighs or sleds. Artillery tractor towing a 152mm howitzer field gun. Open trucks carrying Soviet solders. More views of Soviet troops headed to the front, in the snow, passing residential buildings on the way. Soviet soldier looking through binoculars as German Junkers 88 bombers fly overhead. Soviet gunners employing several different types of antiaircraft guns. A Soviet armored car moving across the snow, and a tank destroyer moving near woods. A downed German bomber with dead crew member lying in the snow, nearby. Soviet pilots on a flight line looking over their orders. A line of fighter planes is parked on the snow in the background, including Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 and other aircraft. Soviet airman in gunner's canopy on a bomber. Bombs being loaded and fused aboard Soviet bomber. Machine gun belt ammunition being loaded on an Ilyushin IL 4 aircraft. A flight line of IL 4 bombers parked in the snow. Two Soviet Petlyakov Pe-2 dive bombers in formation. Bombs falling through the air and exploding on snowy targets below. More Pe-2 bombers and bombs falling. View from underneath an artillery spotters balloon as it is retrieved by Soviet soldiers. Views of various pieces of Soviet artillery in the snow. Slate announces "December 6, 1941, Moscow strikes back!" (during Battle of Moscow in World War II). Various views of Soviet artillery being fired and shells exploding. Glimpse of the artillery spotter and balloon. A soldier lying frozen in the snow. Countless scenes of all kinds of Soviet artillery firing from various places interspersed with views of mounted Cossacks moving along a snowy trail in a wooded area. Soviet troops heading to tanks and other armor, hidden in the woods. They climb aboard them. Senior Soviet officers confer in the field. Air crews boarding IL 4 bomber aircraft and starting engines. Bombs exploding. Tanks moving. (One knocks down a tree.) The bombers taking off. Soviet soldiers watching.
Soviet Premier Kalinin and members of Allied military mission in Moscow, Russia, bid farewell to Harry Hopkins
Members of Allied military mission in Moscow, Soviet Union bid farewell to Harry Hopkins, after his visit with them in the week of July 28, 1941, during World War II. A car carrying Harry Hopkins, personal assistant to President Franklin Roosevelt, arrives at a Moscow airport. Hopkins steps from the car and is greeted by a British Naval officer. Next, Soviet Head of State, Mikhail Kalinin, arrives by car and strides forward toward Hopkins and other officials gathered near a C-47 transport airplane. Two Soviet military officers converse with a civilian. American Brigadier General Joseph McNarny (member of Hopkins' party) speaking with Averell Harriman ( Roosevelt's special envoy to Britain for expediting Lend-lease). In a gathering of military officers and civilians, a British officer exchanges salutes with another officer. kalinin and Hopkins conversing amicably. A man lights Harriman's cigarette. Hopkins begins passing out some documents and shaking hands with persons seeing him off. He and Kalinin shake hands vigorously. He climbs aboard the airplane, followed by General McNarny.
Film 'Why We Fight' episode "Prelude to War" depicts battle scenes in various countries during World War II.
Series 'Why We Fight' episode "Prelude to War" depicts the battles during World War II. United States soldiers parade on street lead by a band. Japanese bombing attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. The London Blitz with buildings destroyed and burning. The Eiffel Tower in Paris with Nazi flag flying atop it. German troops marching into Paris, through the Arc de Triomphe. Japanese warplanes bombing shanghai, China, in 1937. Chinese residents running for shelter. Glimpse of German "Schwerer Gustav" 80 cmrailway gun firing during German offensive against Soviet Union in 1941. German forces entering Czechoslovakia in 1938. German mounted troops entering France in 1940. Heavy guns firing. German ships en route to Norway 1940. German Ju-52 aircraft flying low over trees. Montage showing rapid succession of war scenes, including heavy guns firing, smoke rising, explosions, an aircraft shot down and crashing straight down, German armor on the move, German Ju-52 aircraft dropping paratroopers into Holland and one flying over Athens, Greece, with Mount Lykabettus in the background. More of the same with Narrator mentioning Belgium, Albania, Yugoslavia, and Russia (where citizens are seen digging anti-tank trenches and fortifications). Cavalry charging across a field. A German tank rolling forward. A German Dornier Do-17 bomber taking off, and bombs falling.
Axis forces conquer Greece and Yugoslavia during World War II.
Film opens showing Adolf Hitler shaking hands with Benito Mussolini of Italy. Next Mussolini is seen addressing a large crowd from the balcony of the Palazzo Venezia in Rome, Italy announcing plans to invade Greece. Views of Greek troops marching during the Greco-Italian War between the kingdoms of Italy and Greece from 28 October 1940 to 23 April 1941. Animated map depicts Italian advances into Greece with subsequent withdrawal as the Greeks drive them back and then invade Albania. Closeup of Hitler enraged about this turn of events, delaying his military Operation Barbarossa against the Soviet Union. Glimpse of Mussolini visiting his troops in the field. Newspaper headline reads: "Jugoslavia Gets Hitler Terms." A sub headline reads: "Nazi move in Greece Seen." Another view of Greek troops marching. A Junkers JU-87 Stuka dive bomber in flight, enters a steep dive to bomb a target. Bombs exploding in forest. Another Stuka diving and dropping bombs on a city building. Closeup glimpse of a Stuka speeding past the camera. View of a bombed out Yugoslavian building from German air attack on April 6, 1941. Animated map shows German and Italian forces attack paths from their bases in Italy, Hungary, Romania, and Hungary, vanquishing Yugoslavia. Map extends to Greece, where German forces overwhelm three defending Greek Divisions (aided by some British forces). Aerial view of a German Junkers Ju 52 transport plane flying over the Parthenon in Athens.
Actions of Germany and Russia at the beginning of World War II
Events leading to start of World War 2. Contingents of German army troops and black uniformed SS (Schutzstaffel) troops parading past Hitler on reviewing stand in German city. Hitler youth at a rally in a stadium. Hitler addressing an open air assembly, shaking his fist, yelling about the might of Germany in an animated fashion. Women holding signs reading: "Down with War and Fascism," and "Aid the Allies." 1939 edition of the New York Times carries headline about Nazi pact with Soviets and of Estonia giving Moscow air and sea bases. Views of Soviet leaders, Joseph Stalin, Vyacheslav Molotov, and General Boris Mikhailovitch Shaposhnikov, preparing to meet with German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop for signing of Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact agreeing to non-aggression between Germany and the Soviet Union. Von Ribbentrop descending from his airplane for the meeting. Scenes of German attack and invasion of Poland, September 1, 1939. Vehicles carrying German troops on the move. German Stuka, Ju87 dive bombers peeling off in dives and dropping bombs. German He-111 bomber in flight. Many explosions and collapsing buildings and destruction depicted. Soviet T-26 Twin-Turret Cavalry Tank seen moving through snow as it crosses Polish frontier, on September, 17, 1939. Soviet troops charging into Poland in the snow. The two forces meet in central Poland. Newspaper cartoon of the time shows Hitler and Stalin politely addressing each other in deprecating terms. Soviet icebreaker opening the way for German warships. German submarine making way on the surface, ostensibly from a base in Murmansk, and firing at a surface ship with its 88mm deck gun. A French fighter plane spinning towards earth and pilot parachuting. Narrator speaks of French Communists sabotaging electrical systems on the aircraft. The plane burning on the ground. German troops marching along the Champs Elysees, with the Arc de Triomphe in background. German troops firing artillery at Soviet forces after Germany turns on the Soviet Union and commences Operation Barbarossa in 1941. Wooden buildings burning. Russian soldier with hands up approaches German soldier to surrender. German soldier motions him behind battle line.
Polish Refugees travel three years and 3 thousand miles to Iran during World War II.
Many Polish refugees are seen in the final phase of their monumental trek of three years and three thousand miles from Poland, during World War 2. Scene shifts to Poland in 1939, where polish refugees crowd roads carrying their belongings in wooden carts and other conveyances. They are seen at a rest stop where they obtain food. Animated map shows path of refugees fleeing East into the Soviet Union, following the German invasion in August, 1939. The path continues Southeast in 1941, as they flee from the German campaign, Operation Barbarossa, into the Soviet Union. Their journey continues along the west coast of the Caspian Sea, through the Caucasus, to Persia (Iran). Views of refugees arriving at the Persian border, where they are seen near many tents, and being provided with articles of clothing from British and American Red Cross Stations. Refugees donning new shoes and other items. Young girls having their hair styled. Refugees sit at long tables where they receive hot meals. A teacher conducts an outdoor class for Polish refugee children. Closeup of children at their desks. Refugee women are seen tilling soil to plant crops, while fathers and grown sons and daughters leave to join the new armies of the Polish Government in Exile. Views of Polish women, in uniforms marching and of uniformed armed Polish soldiers, as well becoming part of the Allied war against the Axis powers. Polish refugees at an outdoor shrine, offering prayers for the safety of their members in the military. New polish refugee arrivals at the Persian border being greeted by others, many of whom are family members.