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Recovery and improved economic conditions during the beginning of the Marshall Plan in Europe.
A documentary 'The Years of Decision' reviews the beginning of the Marshall Plan in response to recovery needs of the European people following World War 2. Busy streets and sidewalks filled with pedestrians in London as people walk in the city. Double decker buses and other vehicles driving past on a road in the background. People in France walking on streets of city, sitting in cafes, and buying food, produce, textiles and other items from market vendors with stalls and carts. Men and women buy things from shops. Scene changes to the Netherlands, with many men riding bicycles arriving or departing work at Heineken Brewery in Amsterdam (Heineken Brouwerij on Stadhouderskade). The Dutch words “Stoom Bierbrouwerij” (Steam Brewery) are seen on the building. A Dutch man in a textile factory works at a weaving machine. Scene changes to a coal mine area in the United Kingdom. British coal miners sitting in a train headed into a mine. A worker at the Fiat factory in Turin, Italy measures a small steel part used in manufacturing cars. Cattle on a farm walk near barns. A French farmer in France driving a tractor.
People face drought, rations, closed factories and black marketeers during post-war period in Europe and UK.
A documentary depicts life of people in the post-war ( World War II) economic challenges and hard times in Europe and the United Kingdom. (Before Marshall Plan of 1948). Animated map of Western Europe. Ruins and debris of buildings in cities of Europe damaged during the war.Two women walk past rubble. The damaged buildings. People cross a damaged bridge. A man at work during the construction of a bridge. Men make boats. Smoke comes out from a factory. In the Netherlands, a man in a textile factory works with weaving machinery. Another man paints a machine part. Men at work in the factory. A man and a woman eat food. A French farmer plows a field with the help of two horses. Scene in Norway of boats in a harbor. Norwegian fishermen at a dock. A fisherman untangles a fishing net. People buy food from shops. They walk on a street. People wait in a line for bread ration because of drought of 1947. Loaves of bread on display in store window. A coal processing plant exterior. A small steam locomotive moves on tracks at the factory yard. Close up view of two British coal miners with black soot on faces and bodies as they dig out coal from a mine using a pick axe. Queue of British citizens walk in a line to get coal. A man distributes equal amounts of coal to the British men and women in the queue, who receive a coal ration loaded into a bag. A power plant. A man operates factory controls (controls made in Liverpool), reducing output to lower levels due to power rationing. Different machines at work. View of a large industrial cog wheel slowing to a stop, and a large compressor in a factory slows to a stop. A view of a city. People walk in a street. British men and women enter a food shop in England, with a sign at the doorway indicating that bread is being offered only by ration. A woman feeds hens in a yard. A farmer negotiates with another farmer to sell livestock, but he shakes his head to refuse the offer. People in a city purchase food and other goods in a black market. A woman buying food from a black market seller. She hands him a pile of cash bills in payment. Italian women picking olives beneath olive trees in grove in Italy. A man enters a food shop and speaks to a woman; the shelves in the store are almost empty. A railroad train freight car moves on tracks. A railway freight car factory in Belgium. Men at work in the factory. A man checks a line of completed rail car wheels in the factory. Freight cars lie unused in the factory yard as French customers cannot buy them since the company in Belgium will not accept French Francs in payment. An unemployed Italian man sitting on a wall collects cigarette butts. Weavers in Holland dig in a peet bog as that their weaving jobs are not available.
Children in various countries play military training games and earthquake relief fund is collected for Japanese children
Contrasts innocent play of children in America with military play and training in Axis countries during World War 2. View of children playing games and on jungle gym in United States. Scene changes to Germany, with German boys climbing over and around artillery pieces under watchful eye of a uniformed German official. Next shows children in Japan staging military training and a charge across a mock battlefield. Next scene shows boys in Italy in uniform engaged in a mock battle charge and putting on gas masks between advances. Also seen during the clip: The Japanese flag is raised, as well as the Nazi flag and an Italian flag. Slogan of the Japanese Army: ' To die for Emperor is to live forever'. Back in the United States, a woman collects funds to help Japanese children affected by an earthquake. Children pass by the collection bin and place money in the jar.
The civilians on the streets of Paris welcome Allied soldiers during liberation of Paris, France.
Allied soldiers are greeted in Paris, France during World War 2. The streets of Paris lined with civilians eager to welcome the Allied soldiers. A street sign "Paris,Pied-Italie." Soldiers in a jeep. The soldiers are welcomed by the French civilians. Still photographers shoot picture if French woman kissing an American soldier. A French cinematographer stands on hood of car. His motion picture camera is on tripod on car roof. A sign on car roof reads (in English) : "Please don't kill the French cameramen." A French woman with two men in the rumble seat of a car. One man holds rifle. Back of car has "FFI" (for French Forces of the Interior) and the Free French, Cross of Lorraine, symbol painted on its back. (World War II period).
Navy film about amphibious assaults. German films about the building of the German coastal defenses known as the "Atlantic Wall."
U.S. Navy film entitled, "the Battle for the Beaches." Several Higgins boat landing craft arrive at a shore and U.S. soldiers leave them to run ashore. Scene is then overlayed by the title slate. View of the White Cliffs of Dover, England. British civilians preparing defenses during World War 2. Civil Youth loading sand bags and erecting sand bag parapets around buildings. Home guard troops march up a road carrying rifles. British defenders occupying fortified positions They stand along a coastline looking out at sea. Street scene in an English village. Guards walking up along a barbed wire fence erected on the outskirts of the village. Film shifts to the German coastal Atlantic Wall defenses. German troops march along sandy shores containing all manner of obstacles at the water's edge. German officers stand on an overlooking cliff, and peer through binoculars. German sentry and large coastal gun barrel under camouflage net are silhouetted against light sky. Three German officers confer over plans for coastal defenses. View from above of slave laborers working and shoveling sand as they build defenses. German soldiers dismantling wooden forms around completed concrete fortifications. Glimpse of a huge German coastal gun being raised by a crane with heavy steel cables, as it is steadied by dozens of workers with hands on its barrel. German troops manning a machine gun in coastal defense position where a twin mounted antiaircraft gun is also seen. Momentary view of two German soldiers walk past rotating barrel of a huge coastal defense gun under a camouflage net. Workers, with shovels, placing fresh concrete to build up a section of concrete barriers along the coast. Allied troops storming a sandy shore from landing craft, as shells explode near them; possibly related to 1944 D-Day. One contingent are British soldiers. American troops landing at a beach from landing craft. Dead allied soldiers lying in the surf. Film shifts abruptly to U.S. Lieutenant General Mark Clark with some officers in Italy. In another switch of war theaters, General Douglas MacArthur is seen congratulating crew of a B-25 named "Smiling Jack." U.S. troops, in a training exercise, storming ashore from Higgins boats directly and closeup at the camera. They take up defensive positions in the sand, and move a jeep towing a field artillery piece.
Women's Army Corps visit The Sphinx and Pyramids in Giza and the Mosque of Muhammed Ali in Cairo, Egypt
Women of United States Women's Army Corps (WAC) visit Egypt during World War 2. After leaving Italy, a group of WACs pose for a camera beside The Sphinx in Giza, Egypt. They ride camels. Pyramids in the background. After sandals are tied to their feet, they visit The Mosque of Muhammed Ali in Cairo. They walk the streets of Cairo; one of them touches a donkey as they walk. WACs seen sitting in a row.