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Allied assaults against the German Gustav Line at Monte Cassino, Italy during World War II

Opening scene shows peaceful Italian mountains, including one snow-capped, in Spring, 1944, during World War 2. Camera focuses on the town of Monte Cassino and its historic Monastery, on a mountain above the town. (German forces held the Rapido-Gari, Liri and Garigliano valleys and some of the surrounding peaks and ridges that formed the heavily defended Gustav Line.) Animated relief map shows where, by mid January, 1944, American, Polish, and British forces had cleared the enemy from mountains east of Cassino and drawn up on the east side of the Rapido valley. Map shows progress of subsequent Allied attacks that finally reached Mount Castellone and then up Abbey Hill at Monte cassino, itself. Image of German soldier is superimposed on the scene, using binoculars on Abbey hilltop to observe Allied forces. (Narrator states: On February 9th, 75 yards from the abbey, we were stuck.") U.S. Army Air Forces Douglas A-20 Havoc aircraft are seen starting engines. Closeup of Fifth Army leaflet warning the local people to leave the Monte Cassino Abbey to avoid shelling and bombing. View of U.S. troops packing the leaflets into thin-skinned shells to deliver the warning by artillery fire. Next, 105 howitzer guns are seen under camouflage netting, firing bombardments of warning shells. Formation of A-20 aircraft taking off. Aerial view from high above, of B-25 bomber formation in flight. Formations of B-17s, B-24s, B-26s in flight enroute to bomb Monte Cassino. Bombs dropping from B-25 Mitchell bombers. Bombs exploding on Monte Cassino and the Abbey. Batteries of 155 mm guns firing. Formation of 6 B-25 bombers in formation. More bombs bursting on Monte Cassino. Animated map shows German forces taking up their earlier defenses again following the Allied artillery and air attacks. It also shows supplies streaming in to the German Green Devils Parachute Division (Luftwaffe’s 1st Fallschirmjaeger [Parachute-Hunter] division.) The map illustrates all the locations in the town that they occupied and would defend to the last man. Map also illustrates circling positions of Allied artillery batteries. Camera focuses on Polish troops and M4 Sherman tanks moving forward in an offensive. Glimpse of U.S. Army Air Forces mechanics working on a Douglas bomber engine. M4 prime movers towing 155mm howitzer guns. Gun crews camouflaging their positions with netting. Various views of A 240mm howitzer being put in place by a crane. Soldiers deploy detector microphones to locate enemy gunfire sources. They test them, and then enclose them in water-proof containers, bury and cover them. Sound from the microphones being recorded on film at a machine in the Command Post. The data being plotted on a map and corresponding grid locations phoned to Battalion headquarters. View of bombers resuming attacks again, on March 15, 1944. Formations of Douglas bombers, followed by B-25s, seen dropping bombs that explode in the town of Monte Cassino. Artillery firing. Formation of B-24 Liberator bombers in flight. Formation of B-17s dropping bombs. String of bombs exploding in a line on the town. More views of artillery barrages. More lines of bombs exploding. Allied forces storming the shattered town found German soldiers using destroyed structures as shelters to fire from and rubble obstructing the movements of Allied tanks, so the Allied advance was again stopped. Later, a newspaper headline reports resumption of Allied offensive.

Date: 1944
Duration: 9 min 20 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675045027
British and American troops join together for attack during Battle of the Bulge, scenes from Malmedy massacre and Houffalize (WW2)

Map points to Allied positions during Battle of the Bulge in World War II. British soldiers walk in a trench on the prong of the attack south of La Roche en Ardenne (La Roche-en-Ardenne or sometimes just Laroche). Trench in the snow covered area. British soldiers wear warm clothes and try to stay warm in the trench. British soldier knocks hole in ice and draws water into a bucket. British soldiers wash and shave with the freezing water. They heat water and use it to make cups of tea. They move on tanks to location where British and American forces meet and greet. The soldiers talk amongst themselves. On 14 January 1945 armored recce cars of the 2nd Derbyshire Yeomanry, 51st Highland Division, meet GI's of the 347th Infantry, 87th U.S. Infantry Division, near Ortheuville. The first link up between troops of VIII Corps and British 30 Corps. Another encounter between British soldiers, dressed in white camouflage smocks, with Americans of the 87th U.S. Infantry Division at Champlon. Later that same day. Field Marshal Montgomery wearing a new beret, commands the northern forces. British soldiers advance on a roadway and supplies move on vehicles. Houses in the background. U.S. 3rd Army soldiers shovel snow during a blizzard, clearing the way for trucks with supplies and mail to pass. Large tractors with snow plow attachments clear snow. On January 14, 1945, American forces gently sweep snow from the bodies of American soldiers at Malmedy who had surrendered to the Germans a month prior but were then massacred. (These were mostly U.S. forces of the American 285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion) German prisoners of war look on apprehensively as the Americans uncover the victims of the Malmedy Massacre. American soldiers look at from a snow covered hillside into the village of Houffalize in Belgium. A twisted sign for Houffalize is seen, and wreckage and destruction in the town. Close views of wrecked and burned homes in Houffalize. Destroyed tanks with one tipped in a river

Date: 1945, January
Duration: 3 min 1 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675045608
Seeds, crops, farm, and victory gardens worked to support war effort in World War II in the United States.

Agricultural progress motivated by the demands of World War 2, in the United States. Efforts made to develop substitute crops for foreign products now unavailable. Farmer on a tractor in the farm. Crop planted and harvested with the help of tractor. Man takes seeds in hands from a bag. A 100 pound bag of 0-14-14 fertilizer reads: 'AAA for use only in carrying out soil building practices. Agriculture Conservation Program of the Agricultural Adjustment Agency." Farmer Harry Vetch in Mississippi shown in his field of nitrogen rich legumes that he is growing in order to obtain nitrogen fertilizer since nitrogen is needed in the war effort and unavailable to farmers. View of a field of crimson clover also for use in obtaining nitrogen. View of soybean and clover also used for nitrogen in corn fields. Man on tractor spreads manure fertilizer. A sign board reads: "Emergency Rubber Project. Quail Creek Nursery. Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture" outside a building. A man examines a test planting of a Mexican hule rubber plant needed to meet war demand for rubber. Man beside a 'Department of Agriculture' truck bounces a chunk of rubber. Also shown is a test planted row of Kok-saghyz Russian dandelion used to produce rubber. Milkweed and goldenrod plants are shown. Narrator talks about Victory Gardens as images of farmers plowing small fields are shown. Samples of Victory Garden vegetables shown on a table with signs noting the nutrients in each such as calcium, iron and vitamin B. A woman in a home victory garden holds up produce. View of a shelf of canned vegetables from a victory garden. Houses and trees on a farm, as a combine harvester works the fields. Mountains in the background. A row of grain silos. Man plows a field with yoked oxen. A woman works on a farm and drives a tractor. Farmers drive tractors and harvest potatoes or onions in a field.

Date: 1942
Duration: 3 min 57 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Color
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675045651
Quiet scenes from the Battle of Monte Cassino, in Italy, during World War II.

View of the town of San Vittore west of Cassino, as seen from a nearby mountain. American soldier queries a group of German prisoners of war. They respond by show of hands. U.S. Soldiers marching German POWs along a road. Italian civilians walk past a line of U.S. Sherman tanks of 756th Tank Battalion parked along the side of a road. U.S. troops relaxing on and about a parked Sherman tank. U.S. troops relaxing in their trenches along a roadside. Italian civilians wash clothes in an outdoor communal laundry, as U.S. troops walk past in the background.

Date: 1944, January
Duration: 1 min 12 sec
Sound: No
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Unedited
Language: None
Clip: 65675046247
Winston Churchill, President Franklin Roosevelt and Marshal Joseph Stalin meet at Crimea for the Yalta Conference

Allied Conference in Yalta, Crimea in Ukraine on coast of the Black Sea. The British, Russian and United States representatives meet to plan the political future of Europe after World War II. Livadia Palace, the summer residence of former Czar Nicolas II. Special communication lines are strung. Soviet Foreign Secretary Vyacheslav Molotov waits at air base for the British and U.S. delegations. Soldiers march in a field. Flags of Russia, Britain and U.S. Plane arrives at base. British Foreign Minister, Anthony Eden, U.S. Secretary of State Edward Stettinius, Adviser to President Roosevelt Harry Hopkins and U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union, W.Averell Harriman arrive. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt arrive by plane. Lavadia Castle at the island. Randolph Churchill, son of Sir Winston Churchill arrives by car with President Roosevelt's daughter Anna Roosevelt. Prime Minister of Soviet Union Marshal Joseph Stalin arrives. They discuss military and political postwar plans. They make decisions regarding postwar Germany. Family members of Allied officers visit the Palace. Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin seated for a photograph.

Date: 1945, February 4
Duration: 6 min 11 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675046519
Cancer awareness film includes dramatization of woman with cancer and describes early cancer treatments of surgery and radium.

An awareness film about cancer by U.S. Public Health Service, United States, titled 'Choose to Live'. Dramatization shows a woman's experience with cancer. Building of United States Public Health Service in Washington D.C. Thomas Parran, Surgeon General, U.S. Public Health Service speaks about cancer and victims of cancer. View of women work at telecommunications, man at farm and men in urban area -- anyone can be vulnerable to cancer. He tells the probability of death from cancer. He talks about a woman Mary Brown. Her family sits at a dining table and has a breakfast meal together. She waves goodbye. Brown finishes her household work and looks at a meeting note. Meeting for cancer awareness at a club. A doctor talks about diseases. He compares its hazards with deaths in the World War. He discusses scientific investigation and research against cancer. Scientists work in laboratories. Lab worker run experiments injecting mice with chemicals. Beakers, test tubes, distillation equipment, mouth suction tube seen. Scientist looks through microscope. Atom smashing machine in a laboratory. He talks about National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute and the Capitol. Bill designating one month each year as Cancer Control Month signed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A doctor prepares for surgery. A team performs a surgery. An X-Ray machine. Control panel of the X-Ray machine. The third method of treatment is by the use of radium. Shows sand equal to all the radium available in the U.S. Man takes out radium from lock, he puts it on an applicator and takes it to a treatment room. Nurse measures the treatment area of patients body to apply radium treatment. Radon mercury forces gas. Man cuts pieces and collect it. Men sit at a cancer clinic. Man talks with a doctor. Doctors examine and treat cancer patients. Doctor observes X Rays. Doctor shows and explains the symptoms of cancer. Scientist study in a laboratory. Men women at a public meeting. Cancer awareness banners.

Date: 1942
Duration: 13 min 45 sec
Sound: Yes
Color: Monochrome
Clip Type: Edited
Language: English
Clip: 65675047046